英语词源

• cache 英文词源 cache (n.) 1797, "hiding place," from French Canadian trappers' slang, "hiding place for stores" (1660s), a back-formation from French cacher "to hide, conceal" (13c., Old French cachier ), from Vulgar Latin *coacticare "store up, collect, compress," frequentative of Latin coactare "constrain," from coactus , past participle of cogere "to collect" (see cogent ). Sense extended by 1830
• cabal 英文词源 cabal (n.) 1520s, "mystical interpretation of the Old Testament," later "society, small group meeting privately" (1660s), from French cabal , in both senses, from Medieval Latin cabbala (see cabbala ). Popularized in English 1673 as an acronym for five intriguing ministers of Charles II (Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, and Lauderdale), which gave the word its sinister connota
• calcium 英文词源 calcium calcium: [19] Calcium was coined by the English chemist Sir Humphry Davy in 1808 on the basis of Latin calx ‘limestone’ (which is also the ancestor of English calcareous , calculate , calculus , causeway , and chalk ). The Latin word probably came from Greek khálix , which meant ‘pebble’ as well as ‘limestone’. = calcarious , calculate , causeway , chalk calcium (
• calamity 英文词源 calamity (n.) early 15c., from Middle French calamite (14c.), from Latin calamitatem (nominative calamitas ) "damage, loss, failure; disaster, misfortune, adversity," origin obscure. Early etymologists associated it with calamus "straw" (see shawm ); but it is perhaps from a lost root preserved in incolumis "uninjured," from PIE *kle-mo- , from base *kel- (1) "to strike, cut" (see hol
• cajole 英文词源 cajole (v.) 1640s, from French cajoler "to cajole, wheedle, coax," perhaps a blend of Middle French cageoler "to chatter like a jay" (16c., from gajole , southern diminutive of geai "jay;" see jay (n.)), and Old French gaioler "to cage, entice into a cage" (see jail (n.)). Related: Cajoled ; cajoling . 中文词源 cajole ：哄骗 发音释义：[kə'dʒəʊl] vt.以甜言蜜语哄骗；
• cadge 英文词源 cadge (v.) "to beg" (1812), "to get by begging" (1848), of uncertain origin, perhaps a back-formation from cadger "itinerant dealer with a pack-horse," mid-15c., which is perhaps from early 14c. cadge "to fasten, to tie," which is of unknown origin. 中文词源 cadge ：乞讨 发音释义：[kædʒ] vi.乞讨；骗的白食；贩卖vt.讨到；索求 词源解释：可能由15世纪中
• caliper 英文词源 caliper (n.) 1620s, short for calliper compass (1580s), a device used to measure caliber (q.v.). Related: Calipers . 中文词源 caliper ：卡尺 发音释义：['kælɪpə] n.卡尺；卡钳；测径规vt.用卡尺测量 词源解释：来自caliber（口径），表示用来测量口径的仪器，常用复数形式，因为具有两条腿。 词组习语：caliper rule（卡尺）；
• calibrate 英文词源 calibrate (v.) 1839, verb formed from caliber + -ate (2). Related: calibrated ; calibrating . 中文词源 calibrate ：校准、测量口径 发音释义：['kælɪbreɪt] vt.校准；调整；测量…的口径 结构分析：calibrate = caliber（口径）+ate（动词后缀）→测量…的口径、校准 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： calibrate 词源，
• caliber 英文词源 caliber (n.) 1560s, "degree of merit or importance," a figurative use from Middle French calibre (late 15c.), apparently ultimately from Arabic qalib "a mold for casting." Arabic also used the word in the sense "mold for casting bullets," which is the oldest literal meaning in English. Meaning "inside diameter of a gun barrel" is attested from 1580s. Barnhart remarks that Spanish cali
• caldron 英文词源 caldron (n.) spelling of cauldron prefered by other dictionary editors. 中文词源 caldron ：大锅 发音释义：['kɔːldrən] n.大锅；锅状盆地；等于cauldron 结构分析：caldron = cald（热）+ron（名词后缀，指大形式）→用于加热的大型物品→大锅 词源解释：cald←拉丁语calidus（热、暖） 同源词：calorie（卡路里）；scald（烫
• calculus 英文词源 calculus (n.) 1660s, from Latin calculus "reckoning, account," originally "pebble used as a reckoning counter," diminutive of calx (genitive calcis ) "limestone" (see chalk (n.)). Modern mathematical sense is a shortening of differential calculus . Also used from 1732 to mean kidney stones, etc., then generally for "concretion occurring accidentally in the animal body," such as dental
• calumny 英文词源 calumny calumny: see challenge calumny (n.) "False malicious misrepresentation of the words or actions of others, calculated to injure their reputation" [Fowler], mid-15c., from Middle French calomnie (15c.), from Latin calumnia "trickery, subterfuge, misrepresentation, malicious charge," from calvi "to trick, deceive," from PIE root *kel- (6) "to deceive, confuse" (cognates: Greek ke
• calorie 英文词源 calorie calorie: see cauldron calorie (n.) 1866, from French calorie , from Latin calor (genitive caloris ) "heat," from PIE *kle-os- , suffixed form of root *kele- (1) "warm" (cognates: Latin calidus "warm," calere "be hot;" Sanskrit carad- "harvest," literally "hot time;" Lithuanian silti "become warm," silus "August;" Old Norse hlær , Old English hleow "warm"). In scientific use,
• callow 英文词源 callow callow: [OE] Old English calu meant ‘bald’. Eventually, the word came to be applied to young birds which as yet had no feathers, and by the late 16th century it had been extended metaphorically to any young inexperienced person or creature. It probably came, via West Germanic * kalwaz , from Latin calvus ‘bald’. = calvary callow (adj.) Old English calu "bare, bald," fro
• callous 英文词源 callous (adj.) c. 1400, "hardened," in the physical sense, from Latin callosus "thick-skinned," from callus , callum "hard skin" (see callus ). The figurative sense of "unfeeling" appeared in English by 1670s. Related: Callously ; callousness . 中文词源 callous ：结硬块的 发音释义：['kæləs] adj.结硬块的；起老茧的；冷酷无情的v.（使）变得冷酷无情；
• calligraphy 英文词源 calligraphy calligraphy: see kaleidoscope calligraphy (n.) 1610s, from Greek kaligraphia , from kallos "beauty" (see Callisto ) + graphein "to write" (see -graphy ). Related: Calligraphic . The usual comb. form in Greek was kalli- "beautiful, fine, happy, favorable;" kalo- was a later, rarer alternative form. 中文词源 calligraphy ：书法 发音释义：[kə'lɪgrəfɪ] n.书法；
• candid 英文词源 candid candid: [17] Originally, candid meant simply ‘white’; its current sense ‘frank’ developed metaphorically via ‘pure’ and ‘unbiased’. English acquired the word, probably through French candide , from Latin candidum , a derivative of the verb candēre ‘be white, glow’ (which is related to English candle , incandescent , and incense ). The derived noun candour i
• campaign 英文词源 campaign campaign: [17] Ultimately, campaign and champagne are the same word. Both go back to late Latin campānia , a derivative of Latin campus ‘open field’ (source of English camp ). This passed into Old French as champagne and into Italian as campagna ‘open country’, and both words have subsequently come to be used as the designation of regions in France and Italy (whence
• camouflage 英文词源 camouflage camouflage: [20] Camouflage reached the English language during World War I, when the art of concealing objects from the enemy was considerably developed. It is of French origin, a derivative of the verb camoufler ‘disguise’, which came from Italian camuffare ‘disguise, trick’. camouflage 1917, noun, verb, and adjective, from French camoufler , Parisian slang, "to d
• cameo 英文词源 cameo cameo: [15] The immediate source of modern English cameo was Italian cameo or cammeo . No one is too sure where it ultimately came from, but it has always been assumed that it had some sort of Oriental source – perhaps Arabic qamaā’īl ‘flower buds’. The original form of the word in English was cameu , which came from Old French camahieu ; the Italianate cameo does not
• canine 英文词源 canine canine: see kennel canine (n.) "pointed tooth," late 14c., from Latin caninus "of the dog," genitive of canis "dog" (source of Italian cane , French chien ), from PIE root *kwon- "dog" (cognates: Greek kyon , Old English hund , Old High German hunt , Old Irish cu , Welsh ci , Sanskrit svan- , Avestan spa , Russian sobaka (apparently from an Iranian source, such as Median spaka
• cane 英文词源 cane cane: [14] Cane is a word of ancient ancestry. It can be traced back to Sumerian gin ‘reed’, and has come down to us via Assyrian kanū and Greek kánnā (a derivative of which, kánastron ‘wicker basket’, was the ultimate source of English canister [17]). Latin borrowed the word as canna , and broadened its meaning out from ‘reed, cane’ to ‘pipe’, which is the ba
• candor 英文词源 candor (n.) "openness of mind, impartiality, frankness," c. 1600, from Latin candor "purity, openness," originally "whiteness," from candere "to shine, to be white" (see candle ). Borrowed earlier in English (c. 1500) with the Latin literal sense "extreme whiteness." 中文词源 candor ：坦白 发音释义：['kændɚ] n.坦白；直率 词源解释：candor←拉丁语candor（whi
• candidacy 英文词源 candidacy (n.) 1822; see candidate + -cy . 中文词源 candidacy ：候选资格 发音释义：['kændɪdəsɪ] n.候选资格；候选状态 结构分析：candidacy = candidate（候选人）+cy（名词后缀）→候选资格或状态 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： candidacy 词源， candidacy 含义。
• cant 英文词源 cant cant: English has two separate words cant . The older, ‘oblique angle’ [14], originally meant ‘edge’, and appears to have come via Middle Low German kant or Middle Dutch cant , both meaning ‘edge’ or ‘corner’, from Vulgar Latin * canto , a descendant of Latin cantus ‘iron tyre’. which was probably of Celtic origin (Welsh cant means ‘rim’). The accusative c
• canny 英文词源 canny canny: see can canny (adj.) 1630s, Scottish and northern English formation from can (v.1) in its sense of "know how to," + -y (2). "Knowing," hence, "careful." A doublet of cunning that flowed into distinct senses. Often used superciliously of Scots by their southern neighbors (and their American cousins). The Canny Scot is so well known as scarcely to require description. He ca
• canyon 英文词源 canyon (n.) "narrow valley between cliffs," 1834, from Mexican Spanish cañon , extended sense of Spanish cañon "a pipe, tube; deep hollow, gorge," augmentative of cano "a tube," from Latin canna "reed" (see cane (n.)). But earlier spelling callon (1560s) might suggest a source in calle "street." 中文词源 canyon ：峡谷 发音释义：['kænjən] n.峡谷 词源解释：canyon←
• canvass 英文词源 canvass (v.) c. 1500, from alternative spelling of canvas (n.) and probably meaning, originally, "to toss or sift in a canvas sheet," hence "to shake out, examine carefully" (1520s); "to solicit votes" (1550s). The spelling with a double -s- dates from 16c. Compare Old French canabasser "to examine carefully," literally "to sift through canvas." Related: Canvassed ; canvassing . As a
• canto 英文词源 canto canto: see chant canto (n.) 1580s, from Italian canto "song," from Latin cantus "song" (see chant (v.)). As "a section of a long poem," used in Italian by Dante, in English first by Spenser. 中文词源 canto ：长诗中的一篇 发音释义：['kæntəʊ] n.长诗中的一篇，相当于书的一章、歌曲的一首。 词源解释：canto←意大利语canto（歌曲）←拉
• cantankerous 英文词源 cantankerous cantankerous: [18] Cantankerous is a rather mysterious word. It first appears in the 1770s, and the earliest known reference to it is in Oliver Goldsmith’s She Stoops to Conquer 1772: ‘There’s not a more bitter cantanckerous road in all christendom’. Its origin is disputed: perhaps the likeliest source is Middle English contekour ‘brawler’, from contek ‘stri
• capitulate 英文词源 capitulate capitulate: see chapter capitulate (v.) 1570s, "to draw up in chapters" (i.e., under "heads"), in part a back-formation from capitulation , in part from Medieval Latin capitulatus , past participle of capitulare "to draw up in heads or chapters, arrange conditions." Often of terms of surrender, hence meaning "to yield on stipulated terms" (1680s). Related: Capitulated ; cap
• capillary 英文词源 capillary capillary: see dishevelled capillary (adj.) 1650s, "of or pertaining to the hair," from Latin capillaris "of hair," from capillus "hair" (of the head); perhaps related to caput "head" (but de Vaan finds this "difficult on the formal side" and "far from compelling, since capillus is a diminutive, and would mean 'little head', which hardly amounts to 'hair'"). Borrowed earlier
• cape 英文词源 cape cape: There are two distinct words cape in English, but they may come from the same ultimate source. The earlier, ‘promontory, headland’ [14], comes via Old French cap and Provençal cap from Vulgar Latin * capo , a derivative of Latin caput ‘bead’. Cape ‘cloak’ [16] comes via French cape and Provençal capa from late Latin cappa ‘hood’, source of English cap ; th
• capture 英文词源 capture capture: [16] Along with its relatives captive , captivity , captivate , and captor , capture is the English language’s most direct lineal descendant of Latin capere ‘take, seize’ (others include capable , case for carrying things, cater , and chase , and heave is distantly connected). First to arrive was captive [14], which was originally a verb, meaning ‘capture’;
• captivate 英文词源 captivate (v.) 1520s, "to enthrall with charm," from Late Latin captivatus , past participle of captivare "to take, capture," from captivus (see captive ). Literal sense (1550s) is rare or obsolete in English, which uses capture (q.v.). Latin captare "to take, hold" also had a transferred sense of "to entice, entrap, allure." Related: Captivated ; captivating ; captivatingly . 中文词
• captious 英文词源 captious (adj.) c. 1400, capcyus , from Middle French captieux (15c.) or directly from Latin captiosus "fallacious," from captionem (nominative captio ) "a deceiving, fallacious argument," literally "a taking (in)," from captus , past participle of capere "to take, catch" (see capable ). Related: Captiously ; captiousness . 中文词源 captious ：吹毛求疵的、欺骗性的 发音释
• caption 英文词源 caption (n.) late 14c., "taking, seizure," from Old French capcion "arrest, capture, imprisonment," or directly from Latin captionem (nominative capito ) "a catching, seizing, holding, taking," noun of action from past participle stem of capere "to take" (see capable ). From 17c. used especially in law, and there via its appearance at the head of legal document involving seizure ( "Ce
• capsule 英文词源 capsule capsule: see case capsule (n.) 1650s, from French capsule "a membranous sac" (16c.), from Latin capsula "small box or chest," diminutive of capsa "box, case, chest" (see case (n.2)). Medicinal sense is 1875; shortened form cap is from 1942. Sense in space capsule is first recorded 1954. As an adjective from 1938. Related: Capsular . 中文词源 capsule ：胶囊 发音释义：
• carcinogen 英文词源 carcinogen (n.) "cancer-causing substance," 1853, from carcinoma + -gen . 中文词源 carcinogen ：致癌物 发音释义：[kɑː'sɪnədʒ(ə)n] n.致癌物 结构分析：carcinogen = carcino（癌）+gen（产生）→能产生癌的→致癌物 词源解释：carcino←希腊语karkinos（癌）；gen←希腊语genes（产生） 同源词：cancer（癌）；carcinoma（癌）；
• carbohydrate 英文词源 carbohydrate (n.) 1851, from carbo- , comb. form of carbon , + hydrate (n.), denoting compound produced when certain substances combine with water, from Greek hydor "water" (see water (n.1)). The name carbohydrate was given to these compounds because, in composition, they are apparently hydrates of carbon . In structure, however, they are far more complex. [Flood] 中文词源 carbohy
• carapace 英文词源 carapace (n.) 1836, from French carapace "tortoise shell" (18c.), from Spanish carapacho or Portuguese carapaça , which is of uncertain origin, perhaps somehow from Latin capa (see cape (n.1)). 中文词源 carapace ：甲壳 发音释义：['kærəpeɪs] n.（蟹或龟等的）甲壳 词源解释：carapace←法语carapace（乌龟的壳）←西班牙语carapacho或葡萄牙语car
• carnivorous 英文词源 carnivorous (adj.) 1640s, from Latin carnivorus "flesh-eating, feeding on flesh," from caro (genitive carnis ) "flesh" (see carnage ) + vorare "to devour" (see voracity ). 中文词源 carnivorous ：食肉的 发音释义：[kɑrˈnɪvərəs] adj.食肉的；食肉动物的 结构分析：carnivorous = carni（肉）+vor（食）+ous→食肉的 词源解释：carni←拉丁语carnis（
• caricature 英文词源 caricature (v.) 1749, from caricature (n.). Related: Caricatured ; caricaturing . caricature (n.) 1748 (figurative), 1750 (literal), from French caricature (18c.), from Italian caricatura "satirical picture; an exaggeration," literally "an overloading," from caricare "to load; exaggerate," from Vulgar Latin carricare "to load a car" (see charge (v.)). The Italian form had been used in
• careworn 英文词源 careworn (adj.) 1828, from care (n.) + worn . 中文词源 careworn ：忧心忡忡的 发音释义：['keəwɔːn] adj.忧心忡忡的；忧虑憔悴的 结构分析：careworn = care（关注、忧虑）+worn（疲倦的、磨损的）→因为忧虑而疲倦的→忧心忡忡的 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： careworn 词源， careworn 含义。
• caress 英文词源 caress (n.) 1640s, "show of endearment, display of regard," from French caresse (16c.), back-formation from caresser or else from Italian carezza "endearment," from caro "dear," from Latin carus "dear, costly, beloved" (see whore (n.)). Meaning "affectionate stroke" attested in English from 1650s. caress (v.) 1650s, from French caresser , from Italian carezzare "to cherish," from care
• cardiologist 英文词源 cardiology (n.) 1847, from cardio- + -logy . Cardiologist attested from 1885. Atkins diet "A high-protein, high-fat diet in which carbohydrates are severely restricted", 1970s: named after the American cardiologist Robert C. Atkins (1930–2003). 中文词源 cardiologist ：心脏病专家 发音释义：['kɑrdɪ'ɑlədʒɪst] n. 心脏病专家；心脏病科医生 结构分析：c
• carrion 英文词源 carrion carrion: [13] Ultimately, carrion is a derivative of Latin carō ‘flesh’ (source also of English carnal ). This appears to have had a Vulgar Latin offshoot * carōnia , which entered English via Anglo-Norman caroine . At first it was used in English for ‘dead body’, but before the end of the 13th century the current sense ‘flesh unfit for human consumption’ had beg
• carpenter 英文词源 carpenter carpenter: [14] Etymologically, a carpenter is a ‘maker of carriages’. The word comes, via Anglo-Norman carpenter , from late Latin carpentārius , originally an adjective derived from carpentum ‘two-wheeled vehicle’. This, like the similar and perhaps related Latin carrus , source of English car , was of Celtic origin. The generalization in meaning to ‘worker in w
• carp 英文词源 carp carp: [14] and carp ‘criticize’ [13] are distinct words in English. The former comes from medieval Latin carpa , probably via Old French carpe , but the word is probably ultimately of Germanic origin. The verb, which originally simply meant ‘talk’, was a borrowing from Old Norse karpa . The present-day sense ‘criticize’ did not develop until the 16th century, probably
• carol 英文词源 carol carol: [13] English acquired carol from Old French carole , and the similarity of form and meaning naturally suggests that this in turn came from late Latin choraula ‘choral song’. In classical Latin times this had meant ‘person who accompanies a choir on a flute or reed instrument’, and it came from Greek khoraúlēs , a compound formed from khorós ‘choir’ (source
• casual 英文词源 casual (adj.) late 14c., "subject to or produced by chance," from Middle French casuel (15c.), from Late Latin casualis "by chance," from Latin casus "chance, occasion, opportunity; accident, event" (see case (n.1)). Of persons, in the sense of "not to be depended on, unmethodical," it is attested from 1883; meaning "showing lack of interest" is from 1916. Of clothes, "informal," from
• castigate 英文词源 castigate (v.) c. 1600, from Latin castigatus , past participle of castigare "to correct, set right; purify; chastise, punish," from castus "pure" (see caste ) + agere "to do" (see act (n.)). The notion behind the word is "make someone pure by correcting or reproving him." If thou didst put this soure cold habit on To castigate thy pride, 'twere well. [Shakespeare, "Timon" IV.iii (160
• caste 英文词源 caste caste: [16] Caste has no etymological connection with cast . It is borrowed from Spanish and Portuguese casta ‘race, breed’, a nominal use of the adjective casta ‘pure’, from Latin castus (source of English chaste ). The notion underlying the word thus appears to be ‘racial purity’. Use of casta by the Portuguese in India with reference to the Hindu social groupings
• cast 英文词源 cast cast: [31] Cast comes from Old Norse kasta ‘throw’. It has gradually been replaced since Middle English times as the ordinary word for ‘propelling with the arm’ by throw . Of the various metaphorical senses of the noun, ‘set of performers in a play’ developed in the 17th century, apparently from an earlier ‘plan, design’. cast (v.) c. 1200, "to throw, fling, hurl,
• cartography 英文词源 cartography (n.) 1843, from French cartographie , from Medieval Latin carta (see card (n.)) + French -graphie , from Greek -graphein "to write, to draw" (see -graphy ). Related: Cartographer ; cartographic . 中文词源 cartography ：制图学 发音释义：[kɑː'tɒgrəfɪ] n.地图制作；制图学；制图 结构分析：cartography = carto（图形）+graphy（画）→制图、
• catalysis 英文词源 catalysis (n.) 1650s, "dissolution," from Latinized form of Greek katalysis "dissolution, a dissolving" (of governments, military units, etc.), from katalyein "to dissolve," from kata- "down" (or "completely"), see cata- , + lyein "to loosen" (see lose ). Chemical sense "change caused by an agent which itself remains unchanged" is attested from 1836, introduced by Swedish chemist Jön
• catalog 英文词源 catalog see catalogue . 中文词源 catalog ：目录 发音释义：['kætəlɒɡ] n.目录vt.登记；为…编目录vi.编目录，等于catalogue 结构分析：catalog = cata（下去、彻底）+log（说）→全部罗列出来→列表、目录 词源解释：cata←希腊语kata（下去、彻底）；log←希腊语legein（说） 同源词：catalogue（目录）；catalys
• cataclysm 英文词源 cataclysm (n.) 1630s, from French cataclysme (16c.), from Latin cataclysmos or directly from Greek kataklysmos "deluge, flood, inundation," from kataklyzein "to deluge," from kata "down" (see cata- ) + klyzein "to wash," from PIE *kleue- "to wash, clean" (see cloaca ). 中文词源 cataclysm ：大灾难 发音释义：['kætəklɪzəm] n.大灾难；洪水；大变动 结构分析：
• catholic 英文词源 catholic catholic: [14] Etymologically, the Catholic Church is the universal church, comprising all Christians. For catholic comes ultimately from a Greek word, katholikós , meaning ‘relating to all, general’. It was a derivative of kathólou , a compound formed from katá ‘relating to’ and hólos ‘whole’ (source of English holism and holistic ). It passed into English vi
• catharsis 英文词源 catharsis (n.) 1803, "bodily purging," from Latinized form of Greek katharsis "purging, cleansing," from stem of kathairein "to purify, purge," from katharos "pure, clear of dirt, clean, spotless; open, free; clear of shame or guilt; purified" (with most of the extended senses now found in Modern English clear , clean , pure ), which is of unknown origin. Originally medical in English
• cauterize 英文词源 cauterize cauterize: see holocaust cauterize (v.) c. 1400, from Old French cauterisier , from Late Latin cauterizare "to burn or brand with a hot iron," from Greek kauteriazein , from kauter "burning or branding iron," from kaiein "to burn" (see caustic ). Related: Cauterized ; cauterizing . 中文词源 cauterize ：烧灼 发音释义：['kɔːtəraɪz] vt.（用烙铁或腐蚀性物质
• caustic 英文词源 caustic caustic: see holocaust caustic (adj.) c. 1400, "burning, corrosive," from Latin causticus "burning, caustic," from Greek kaustikos "capable of burning; corrosive," from kaustos "combustible; burnt," verbal adjective from kaiein , the Greek word for "to burn" (transitive and intransitive) in all periods, which is of uncertain origin with no certain cognates outside Greek. Figur
• causal 英文词源 causal (adj.) 1530s, from Latin causalis "relating to a cause," from causa (see cause (n.)). 中文词源 causal ：原因的 发音释义：['kɔzl] adj.原因的；因果关系的 结构分析：causal = cause（原因）+al（形容词后缀）→原因的 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： causal 词源， causal 含义。
• caulk 英文词源 caulk (v.) late 14c., "to stop up crevices or cracks," from Old North French cauquer , from Late Latin calicare "to stop up chinks with lime," from Latin calx (2) "lime, limestone" (see chalk ). Original sense is nautical, of making ships watertight. Related: Caulked ; caulking . As a noun, "caulking material," by 1980 ( caulking in this sense was used from 1743). Related: Caulker . 中
• caucus 英文词源 caucus caucus: [18] Caucus ‘closed party meeting’ is believed to be of native American origin. Certainly its early usage was restricted to the USA (it did not reach British English until the 1870s, when it became something of a political buzzword for a time). In form and meaning it strongly resembles caucauasu , a word meaning ‘counsellor’ in the Algonquian languages of easter
• cavil 英文词源 cavil cavil: see challenge cavil (v.) 1540s, from Middle French caviller "to mock, jest," from Latin cavillari "to jeer, mock; satirize, argue scoffingly" (also source of Italian cavillare , Spanish cavilar ), from cavilla "jest, jeering," related to calumnia (see calumny ). 中文词源 cavil ：吹毛求疵 发音释义：['kævl] n.v.吹毛求疵；挑剔；苛责 词源解释：来自
• cavern 英文词源 cavern (n.) late 14c., from Old French caverne (12c.) "cave, vault, cellar," from Late Latin caverna "cave," from Latin cavus "hollow" (see cave (n.)). In Old English such a land feature might be called an eorðscræf . 中文词源 cavern ：大洞穴 发音释义：['kævɚn] n.大洞穴；凹处vt.挖空；将…置于洞穴 结构分析：cavern = cav（洞穴）+ern（后缀）→大
• caveat 英文词源 caveat caveat: see show caveat (n.) 1540s, from Latin, literally "let him beware," 3rd person singular present subjunctive of cavere "to beware, take heed, watch, guard against," from PIE root *skeue- "to pay attention, perceive" (cognates: Sanskrit kavih "wise, sage, seer, poet;" Lithuanian kavoti "tend, safeguard;" Armenian cucanem "I show;" Latin cautio "wariness;" Greek koein "to
• cavalry 英文词源 cavalry (n.) 1540s, from Middle French cavalerie (16c.), from Italian cavalleria "mounted militia," from cavaliere (see cavalier (n.)). An Old English word for it was horshere . 中文词源 cavalry ：骑兵部队 发音释义：['kævlri] n.骑兵部队；装甲部队 结构分析：cavalry = caval（马）+ry（名词后缀，表集合）→骑兵部队 词源解释：caval←通俗拉
• cavalier 英文词源 cavalier cavalier: [16] Etymologically, a cavalier is a ‘horseman’. The word comes via French cavalier from Italian cavaliere , which was derived from Latin caballus ‘horse’, either directly or via late Latin caballārius ‘horseman, rider’. From the beginning in English its connotations were not those of any old horserider, but of a mounted soldier or even a knight, and be
• celebrity 英文词源 celebrity (n.) late 14c., "solemn rite or ceremony," from Old French celebrité "celebration" or directly from Latin celibritatem (nominative celebritas ) "multitude, fame," from celeber "frequented, populous" (see celebrate ). Meaning "condition of being famous" is from c. 1600; that of "famous person" is from 1849. When the old gods withdraw, the empty thrones cry out for a successo
• celebrated 英文词源 celebrated (adj.) "much-talked-about," 1660s, past participle adjective from celebrate (v.). 中文词源 celebrated ：有名的 发音释义：['selɪbreɪtɪd] adj.有名的；著名的 结构分析：celebrated = celebrate（很多人提及和赞美）+ed（过去分词）→被人广泛提及和赞美→有名的；celebrate = celebr（很多人聚集）+ate（动词后缀）→聚
• cede 英文词源 cede cede: [17] Cede comes, either directly or via French céder , from Latin cēdere ‘go away, withdraw, yield’. The Latin verb provided the basis for a surprisingly wide range of English words: the infinitive form produced, for instance, accede , concede , precede , proceed , and succeed , while the past participle cessus has given ancestor , cease , excess , recession , etc. =
• cavort 英文词源 cavort (v.) 1793, cauvaut , American English, of uncertain origin, sometimes said to be an alteration of curvet "a leap by a horse," from French and related to curve (v.). Or perhaps from ca- colloquial intensive prefix + vault "to jump, leap." Modern form attested by 1829. Related: Cavorted ; cavorting . 中文词源 cavort ：腾跃 发音释义：[kə'vɔːt] vi.（马）腾跃；（
• cavity 英文词源 cavity cavity: see cave cavity (n.) 1540s, from Middle French cavité (13c.), from Late Latin cavitatem (nominative cavitas ) "hollowness," from Latin cavus "hollow" (see cave (n.)). 中文词源 cavity ：腔、洞 发音释义：['kævɪtɪ] n. 腔；洞，凹处 结构分析：cavity = cav（洞穴）+ity（后缀）→腔、洞 词源解释：cav←拉丁语cavus（洞） 同源词：
• censor 英文词源 censor (n.) 1530s, "Roman magistrate who took censuses and oversaw public morals," from Middle French censor and directly from Latin censor , from censere "to appraise, value, judge," from PIE root *kens- "speak solemnly, announce" (cognates: Sanskrit śamsati "recites, praises," śasa "song of praise"). There were two of them at a time in classical times, usually patricians, and they
• cement 英文词源 cement cement: [13] Latin caementa meant ‘stone chips used for making mortar’; etymologically, the notion behind it was of ‘hewing for a quarry’, for it was originally * caedmenta , a derivative of caedere ‘cut’ (from which English gets concise and decide ). In due course the signification of the Latin word passed from ‘small broken stones’ to ‘powdered stone (used f
• cello 英文词源 cello (n.) 1857, shortening of violoncello (q.v.). 中文词源 cello ：大提琴 发音释义：['tʃeləʊ] n.大提琴 词源解释：cello←意大利语violoncello（大提琴）←violone（低音提琴）←viola（中提琴） 同源词：viola（中提琴）；violin（小提琴）；violone（低音提琴） 提琴家族按大小分为：violin（小提琴）、viola（中提
• cellar 英文词源 cellar (n.) early 13c., "store room," from Anglo-French celer , Old French celier "cellar, underground passage" (12c., Modern French cellier ), from Latin cellarium "pantry, storeroom," literally "group of cells;" which is either directly from cella (see cell ), or from noun use of neuter of adjective cellarius "pertaining to a storeroom," from cella . The sense in late Middle English
• celestial 英文词源 celestial (adj.) late 14c., "pertaining to heaven," from Old French celestial "celestial, heavenly, sky-blue," from Latin caelestis "heavenly, pertaining to the sky," from caelum "heaven, sky; abode of the gods; climate," which is of uncertain origin; perhaps from PIE *kaid-slo- , perhaps from a root also found in Germanic and Baltic meaning "bright, clear" (compare Lithuanian skaidru
• ceramic 英文词源 ceramic (adj.) 1850, keramic , from Greek keramikos , from keramos "potter's clay, pottery, tiles," perhaps from a pre-Hellenic word. Watkins suggests possible connection with Latin cremare "to burn," but Klein's sources are firmly against this. Spelling influenced by French céramique (1806). Related: ceramist (1855). Ceramics is attested from 1857. 中文词源 ceramic ：陶瓷 发音
• census 英文词源 census census: see excise census (n.) 1610s, from Latin census "the enrollment of the names and property assessments of all Roman citizens," originally past participle of censere "to assess" (see censor (n.)). The modern census begins in the U.S., 1790., and Revolutionary France. Property for taxation was the primary purpose in Rome, hence Latin census also was used for "one's wealth,
• chafe 英文词源 chafe (v.) early 14c., chaufen , c. 1300, "be provoked;" late 14c. in literal sense "to make warm, to heat," also intransitive, "to grow warm or hot," especially (early 15c.) "to warm by rubbing," from Old French chaufer "heat, warm up, become warm" (12c., Modern French chauffer ), from Vulgar Latin *calefare , from Latin calefacere "to make hot, make warm," from calere "be warm" (see
• cessation 英文词源 cessation cessation: see cease cessation (n.) mid-15c., cessacyoun "interruption, abdication," from Latin cessationem (nominative cessatio ) "a delaying, ceasing, tarrying," noun of action from past participle stem of cessare "delay" (see cease (n.)). 中文词源 cessation ：中止 发音释义：[se'seɪʃ(ə)n] n.停止；中止 结构分析：cessation = cess（停止）+ation（名
• certitude 英文词源 certitude (n.) early 15c., from Middle French certitude "certainty" (16c.), from Late Latin certitudinem (nominative certitudo ) "that which is certain," from Latin certus "sure, certain" (see certain ). 中文词源 certitude ：确定性 发音释义：['sɜːtɪtjuːd] n.确定性；确实 结构分析：certitude = cert（确定）+itude（名词后缀）→确定性 相关词根：
• certification 英文词源 certification (n.) early 15c., "notification;" mid-15c., "demonstration, proof," from Medieval Latin certificationem (nominative certificatio ), noun of action from past participle stem of Late Latin certificare (see certify ). Meaning "act of providing with a legal certificate" is from 1881. 中文词源 certification ：证明 发音释义：[,sɜːtɪfɪ'keɪʃən] n.证明；认证
• cerebrum 英文词源 cerebrum (n.) 1610s, from Latin cerebrum "brain" (see cerebral ). 中文词源 cerebrum ：大脑 发音释义：['serɪbrəm] n.大脑 词源解释：直接来自拉丁语cerebrum（大脑） 英语单词cerebrum和brain都表示“大脑”，区别在于：brain来自古英语，是“大脑”的通俗说法；而cerebrum来自拉丁语，是“大脑”的专业说法，一般用于
• chalice 英文词源 chalice chalice: [13] Latin calix ‘cup’ and its relative, Greek kálux ‘pod’, perhaps hold the record for the words most often borrowed into English. Calix first made its appearance as part of the original West Germanic stratum of English, into which it had been borrowed from Latin; this was as Old English cælc . Then came cælic , which Old English independently acquired fro
• chagrin 英文词源 chagrin chagrin: [17] The word chagrin first appeared in French in the 14th century as an adjective, meaning ‘sad, vexed’, a usage at first adopted into English: ‘My wife in a chagrin humour, she not being pleased with my kindness to either of them’, Samuel Pepys’s Diary 6 August 1666. It died out in English in the early 18th century, but the subsequently developed noun and
• char 英文词源 char char: see charcoal char (v.) "to reduce to charcoal," 1670s, probably a back-formation from charcoal (q.v.). Related: Charred ; charring . 中文词源 char ：焦炭 发音释义：[tʃɑː] n. 木炭，杂务vi.烧焦，打杂vt.把…烧焦 词源解释：来自单词charcoal（木炭） 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： char 词源， char 含义。 char ：