英语词源

• semidome 英文词源 No matching word found in the dictionary. Word of Random genre genre: see general 中文词源 semidome ：半圆形屋顶  词根词缀： semi-半 + -dom-房子 + -e 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： semidome 词源， semidome 含义。
• semiconductor 英文词源 semiconductor (n.) 1838, "material whose electrical conductivity is between that of a conductor and that of an insulator," from semi- + conductor . Modern very specific sense is recorded from 1931. 中文词源 semiconductor ：半导体 词根词缀： semi-半 + con-加强意义+ -duct-引导 + -or人或物 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： semiconductor 词源，
• seller 英文词源 seller (n.) c. 1200, agent noun from sell (v.). 中文词源 seller ：(人)销售者；(物)销售品    词根词缀： sell卖 + -er名词词尾 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： seller 词源， seller 含义。
• sell 英文词源 sell sell: [OE] The underlying etymological meaning of sell is ‘give up, hand over’, but gradually the notion of handing something over in exchange for something else, particularly money, led to its present-day sense. Both meanings co-existed in Old English, but the original one had largely died out by the 14th century. The word comes from a prehistoric Germanic * saljan , which a
• selective 英文词源 selective (adj.) 1620s; see select (adj.) + -ive . Related: Selectively ; selectiveness . Selective service is from 1917, American English. 中文词源 selective ：善于挑选的，仔细挑选的 词根词缀： se-分离 + -lect-采集 + -ive形容词词尾,性状 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： selective 词源， selective 含义。 selective ：选择性的
• selection 英文词源 selection (n.) 1620s, "act of selecting," from Latin selectionem (nominative selectio ) "a choosing out, choice, selection," noun of action from past participle stem of seligere (see select (adj.)). Meaning "thing selected" is from 1805. Biological sense is from 1837; applied to actions of breeders ( methodical selection ), hence its use by Darwin ( natural selection ; 1857). French sé
• select 英文词源 select select: [16] Select is one of a wide range of English words that go back ultimately to Latin legere ‘choose’ or its past participle lectus (others include collect and elect and, from its later extended meaning ‘read’, lectern and lecture ). Addition of the prefix sē - ‘apart’ produced sēligere ‘choose out’, whose past participle sēlectus gave English select ,
• segregation 英文词源 segregation (n.) 1550s, "act of segregating," from Late Latin segregationem (nominative segregatio ), noun of action from past participle stem of segregare (see segregate ). Meaning "state of being segregated" is from 1660s. Specific U.S. sense of "enforced separation of races" is attested from 1883. Rarely are we met with a challenge, not to our growth or abundance, or our welfare or
• segregate 英文词源 segregate segregate: [16] The etymological idea underlying segregate is of ‘removal from a flock’. The word comes from Latin sēgregāre , a compound verb formed from the prefix sē - ‘apart’ and grex ‘flock’ (source also of English aggregate , congregation , egregious [16], and gregarious [17]). = aggregate , congregation , egregious , gregarious segregate (v.) 1540s, fro
• segmentation 英文词源 segmentation (n.) 1650s, "a cutting in small pieces;" 1851 of cells, from segment (v.) + -ation . 中文词源 segmentation ：分割，区分 词根词缀： -seg-切割 + -ment名词词尾 + -ation 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： segmentation 词源， segmentation 含义。 segmentation ：分割，切分 segment,分割，切分，-ation,名词后缀。
• segment 英文词源 segment segment: see section segment (n.) 1560s, from Latin segmentum "a strip or piece cut off, a cutting, strips of colored cloth," from secare "to cut" (see section (n.)), with euphonious alteration of -c- to -g- before -m- . Latin segmentum was used in Medieval Latin as a geometry term, translating Greek tmema , and the word was first picked up in English in this sense. Meaning "s
• seem 英文词源 seem seem: [12] Originally, seem meant ‘be suitable’ (a meaning preserved in the derived seemly [13]). It was borrowed from the Old Norse verb soema ‘conform to, honour’. This was derived from the adjective soemr ‘fitting’, a descendant of the prehistoric base * sōm - (to which English same is distantly related). The sense ‘appear to be’ emerged in the early 13th cent
• see 英文词源 see see: English has two words see . The older is the verb, ‘perceive visually’ [OE]. Like its Germanic cousins, German sehen , Dutch zien , and Swedish and Danish se , it goes back to a prehistoric * sekhwan , which was descended from an Indo-European base * seq -. This may have been the same * seq - that produced Latin sequī ‘follow’ (source of English sequence , sue , etc)
• security 英文词源 security (n.) mid-15c., "condition of being secure," from Latin securitas , from securus "free from care" (see secure ). Replacing sikerte (early 15c.), from an earlier borrowing from Latin; earlier in the sense "security" was sikerhede (early 13c.); sikernesse (c. 1200). Meaning "something which secures" is from 1580s; "safety of a state, person, etc." is from 1941. Legal sense of "p
• secure 英文词源 secure secure: [16] Something that is secure is etymologically ‘carefree’. The word was borrowed from Latin sēcūrus , a compound adjective formed from the prefix sē - ‘without’ and cūra ‘care’ (source of English curate , cure , etc). The metaphorical extension from ‘free from care’ to ‘free from danger, safe’ took place in post-Augustan Latin. Sure is in effect
• sector 英文词源 sector (n.) 1560s, "section of a circle between two radii," from Late Latin sector "section of a circle," in classical Latin "a cutter, one who cuts," from sectus , past participle of secare "to cut" (see section (n.)). Translated Greek tomeus in Latin editions of Archimedes. Meaning "area, division" appeared 1920, generalized from military sense (1916) of "part of a front," based on
• section 英文词源 section section: [16] Section is one of a wide range of English words that go back to Latin secāre ‘cut’. Others include bisect [17], dissect [17], insect , intersect [17], secateurs [19], sector [16], and segment [16]. It goes back ultimately to the Indo- European base * sek - ‘cut’, which also produced English saw , scythe , sedge , and sickle . The immediate source of sect
• sect 英文词源 sect sect: [14] Despite its similarity to section and sector , sect has nothing to do with ‘cutting’. It comes via Old French secte from Latin secta , which denoted literally a ‘following’, hence a ‘faction of supporters’ (it was a noun use of sectus , an archaic past participle of sequī ‘follow’, from which English gets sequence , sue , etc). Set ‘group’ is ultim
• secretary 英文词源 secretary secretary: [14] A secretary was originally a ‘person in someone else’s confidence, sharing secret or private matters with them’ (‘[Christ] taking with him his three special secretaries, that is to say Peter and James and John’, Nicholas Love, Mirror of the life of Jesus Christ 1400). The word was adapted from late Latin sēcrētārius ‘confidential aide’, a der
• secret 英文词源 secret secret: [14] Etymologically, something that is secret is ‘separated’ from others, hence put out of the way, hidden. The word comes via Old French secret from Latin sēcrētus , an adjectival use of the past participle of sēcernere ‘separate’. This was a compound verb formed from the prefix sē - ‘apart’ and cernere ‘separate’ (source also of English certain , d
• secrecy 英文词源 secrecy (n.) 1570s, from secretee , "quality of being secret" (early 15c.), from Old French secré , variant of secret (see secret (n.)) + -ty (2). Form altered on model of primacy , etc. 中文词源 secrecy ：保密；秘密状态  词根词缀： se-分离 + cre(-cern-)区分 + -cy名词词尾 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： secrecy 词源， secrecy 含义。
• secondary 英文词源 secondary (adj.) late 14c., from Latin secundarius "pertaining to the second class, inferior," from secundus (see second (adj.)). Of colors, from 1831; of education, from 1809. Of sex characteristics from 1780. Opposed to primary or principal . Related: Secondarily . 中文词源 secondary ：次要的，二级的；中级的，第二的  词根词缀： second第二 + -ary形容词词
• second 英文词源 second second: [13] Latin secundus originally meant ‘following’ – it was derived from sequī ‘follow’, source of English sequence – and only secondarily came to be used as the ordinal version of ‘two’. English acquired it via Old French second , employing it to take over part of the role of other , which until then had denoted ‘second’ as well as ‘other’. Its n
• secessionism 英文词源 No matching word found in the dictionary. Word of Random carol carol: [13] English acquired carol from Old French carole , and the similarity of form and meaning naturally suggests that this in turn came from late Latin choraula ‘choral song’. In classical Latin times this had meant ‘person who accompanies a choir on a flute or reed instrument’, and it came from Greek khoraúlē
• secession 英文词源 secession (n.) 1530s, from Latin secessionem (nominative secessio ) "a withdrawal, separation; political withdrawal, insurrection, schism," noun of action from past participle stem of secedere "secede," from se- "apart" (see secret ) + cedere "to go" (see cede ). Originally in a Roman historical context, "temporary migration of plebeians from the city to compel patricians to address t
• secede 英文词源 secede (v.) 1702, "to leave one's companions," from Latin secedere "go away, withdraw, separate; rebel, revolt" (see secession ). Sense of "to withdraw from a political or religious alliance of union" is recorded from 1755, originally especially in reference to the Church of Scotland. Related: Seceded ; seceding ; seceder . 中文词源 secede ：正式脱离或退出，分离 词根词
• seat 英文词源 seat seat: [12] Seat is of course a close relative of sit – they come from the same prehistoric Germanic base, * set -. But unlike sit , it is not a longestablished native word. It is a borrowing, from Old Norse sáeti . It originally meant ‘act of sitting’, and was not used for ‘something to sit on’ until the 13th century. = sit seat (n.1) "thing to sit on; act of sitting,"
• seaport 英文词源 seaport (n.) 1590s, from sea + port (n.1). 中文词源 seaport ：海港，港口   词根词缀： sea海洋 + -port-港口 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： seaport 词源， seaport 含义。
• seagull 英文词源 seagull (n.) 1540s, from sea + gull (n.). 中文词源 seagull ：海鸥   词根词缀： sea海 + gull鸥 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： seagull 词源， seagull 含义。
• sea 英文词源 sea sea: [OE] Sea is a widespread Germanic word, related to German see , Dutch zee , Swedish sjö , and Danish sø (the Scandinavian words are now more usually used for ‘lake’ than ‘sea’). These all point back to a prehistoric Germanic * saiwiz , but it is not known where that came from. sea (n.) Old English sæ "sheet of water, sea, lake, pool," from Proto-Germanic *saiwaz (c
• script 英文词源 script (n.) late 14c., "something written," earlier scrite (c. 1300), from Old French escrit "piece of writing, written paper; credit note, IOU; deed, bond" (Modern French écrit ) from Latin scriptum "a writing, book; law; line, mark," noun use of neuter past participle of scribere "to write," from PIE *skribh- "to cut, separate, sift" (cognates: Greek skariphasthai "to scratch an ou
• scrip 英文词源 scrip (n.) "certificate of a right to receive something" (especially a stock share), 1762, probably shortened from (sub)scrip(tion) receipt . Originally "receipt for a portion of a loan subscribed," meaning "certificate issued as currency" first recorded 1790. 中文词源 scrip ：便条，纸条，纸片，临时凭证  -script-写 → scrip纸条 该词的英语词源请访问趣词
• scrape 英文词源 scrape scrape: [14] Scrape is certainly of Germanic origin, but it is not clear whether it was borrowed from Old Norse skrapa (ancestor of Swedish skrapa and Danish skrabe ) or Middle Dutch schrapen . Either way it goes back to a prehistoric Germanic base * skrap -, source also of Old English scrapian ‘scratch’, which survived into the 16th century as shrape . Scrap ‘small piece’
• scrap 英文词源 scrap (v.1) "to make into scrap," 1883 (of old locomotives), from scrap (n.1). Related: Scrapped ; scrapping . scrap (v.2) "to fight, brawl, box," 1867, colloquial, from scrap (n.2). Related: Scrapped ; scrapping . scrap (n.1) "small piece," late 14c., from Old Norse skrap "scraps, trifles," from skrapa "to scrape, scratch, cut" (see scrape (v.)). Meaning "remains of metal produced af
• scope 英文词源 scope scope: [16] Greek skopós meant ‘target’. As it passed via Italian scopo into English it evolved metaphorically to ‘aim kept in view, goal, purpose’ (‘the seventh Council of Carthage and the Milevitane Council, which both tend to one end and scope, that there should be no appellations made out of Africa’, Nicholas Harpsfield, The Pretended Divorce between Henry VIII
• scientific 英文词源 scientific (adj.) 1580s, from Middle French scientifique , from Medieval Latin scientificus "pertaining to science," from Latin scientia "knowledge" (see science ) + -ficus "making" + facere "to make" (see factitious ). Originally used to translate Greek epistemonikos "making knowledge" in Aristotle's "Ethics." Sciential (mid-15c., "based on knowledge," from Latin scientialis ) is the
• science 英文词源 science science: [14] Etymologically, science simply means ‘knowledge’, for it comes via Old French science from Latin scientia , a noun formed from the present participle of the verb scīre ‘know’. It early on passed via ‘knowledge gained by study’ to a ‘particular branch of study’, but its modern connotations of technical, mathematical, or broadly ‘non-arts’ stud
• scholarship 英文词源 scholarship (n.) 1530s, "status of a scholar," from scholar + -ship . Meaning "learning, erudition" is from 1580s; sense of "source of funds for support or maintenance of a scholar" is from 1580s. 中文词源 scholarship ：学问，学识；奖学金  词根词缀： schol学校 + -ar名词词尾 + -ship名词词尾 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： scholarship
• scholarly 英文词源 scholarly (adj.) 1630s, from scholar + -ly (1). Related: Scholarliness . 中文词源 scholarly ：有学问的，博学的   词根词缀： schol学校 + -ar名词词尾 + -ly形容词词尾 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： scholarly 词源， scholarly 含义。 scholarly ：学问的，学术的 来自 scholar,学者，-ly,形容词后缀。引申词义学问
• scenery 英文词源 scenery (n.) "decoration of a theater stage," 1770, earlier scenary ; see scene + -ery . Meaning "a landscape or view, a pictorial scene" is from 1777. 中文词源 scenery ：风景；舞台布景 来源于希腊语skene(表演戏曲的棚位或摊位)。 同源词：scene 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： scenery 词源， scenery 含义。 scenery ：景色，风
• scatter 英文词源 scatter scatter: [13] Scatter originally meant ‘squander’, and appears to have started life as an alteration of shatter . It first appears in northern and Scottish texts, and so the change from /sh/ to /sk/ is probably due to Norse influence. The origins of shatter [12] itself are not known. = shatter scatter (v.) mid-12c. (transitive), possibly a northern English variant of Middl
• scare 英文词源 scare (v.) 1590s, alteration of Middle English skerren (c. 1200), from Old Norse skirra "to frighten; to shrink from, shun; to prevent, avert," related to skjarr "timid, shy, afraid of," of unknown origin. In Scottish also skair , skar , and in dialectal English skeer , skear , which seems to preserve the older pronunciation. To scare up "procure, obtain" is first recorded 1846, Ameri
• scarcity 英文词源 scarcity (n.) c. 1300, from Old North French escarcete (Old French escharsete ), from eschars (see scarce ). 中文词源 scarcity ：缺乏，匮乏；稀少，罕见  词根词缀： scarce稀少的,罕见的 + -ity名词词尾 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： scarcity 词源， scarcity 含义。 scarcity ：缺乏，不足 scarce,缺少的，小足的，-ity
• scarcely 英文词源 belch belch: [OE] Belch first appears in recognizable form in the 15th century, but it can scarcely not be related to belk ‘eructate’, which goes back to Old English bealcan and survived dialectally into the modern English period. Belch itself may derive either from an unrecorded variant of bealcan , * belcan (with the c here representing a /ch/ sound), or from a related Old Engli
• scarce 英文词源 scarce scarce: [13] Scarce comes via Anglo-Norman scars , earlier escars , from Vulgar Latin * excarpsus ‘picked out’, hence ‘rare’. This was the past participle of * excarpere , an alteration of classical Latin excerpere ‘picked out. select’ (source of English excerpt [17]). And excerpere was a compound verb formed from the prefix ex - ‘out’ and carpere ‘pluck’ (s
• saxophone 英文词源 saxophone saxophone: [19] The saxophone commemorates the name of its inventor, the Belgian musical instrument maker Adolphe Sax (1814–94) (his real Christian names were Antoine Joseph). He seems to have devised it around 1840, and the term saxophone first appeared in English in 1851, in the catalogue of the Great Exhibition. His father Charles Joseph Sax (1791–1865) was also an in
• Saxon 英文词源 Saxon (n.) c. 1200, from Late Latin Saxonem (nominative Saxo ; also source of French Saxon , Spanish Sajon , Italian Sassone ), usually found in plural Saxones , from a Germanic source (Old English Seaxe , Old High German Sahsun , German Sachse "Saxon"), with a possible literal sense of "swordsmen" (compare Old English seax , Old Frisian, Old Norse sax "knife, short sword, dagger," Ol
• saxhorn 英文词源 saxhorn "A member of a family of brass instruments with valves and a funnel-shaped mouthpiece, used mainly in military and brass bands", From the name of Charles J. Sax (1791–1865) and his son Antoine-Joseph ‘Adolphe’ Sax (1814–94), Belgian instrument-makers, + horn. 中文词源 saxhorn ：萨克斯号 saxhorn这一词汇的使用是为了纪念萨克斯号的发明者,比利时
• sausage 英文词源 sausage sausage: [15] A sausage is etymologically a dish made by ‘salting’. The word comes via Old Northern French saussiche from late Latin salsīcia , a noun use of the neuter plural of salsīcius ‘made by salting’. This in turn was based on Latin salsus ‘salted’, a derivative of sāl ‘salt’. The earliest record of the use of sausage dog for ‘dachshund’ (an allus
• saucer 英文词源 saucer (n.) mid-14c., from Anglo-Latin saucerium and Old French saussier (Modern French saucière ) "sauce dish," from Late Latin salsarium , neuter of salsarius "of or for salted things," from Latin salsus (see sauce (n.)). Originally a small dish or pan in which sauce is set on a table. Meaning "small, round, shallow vessel for supporting a cup and retaining any liquid which might b
• sauce 英文词源 sauce sauce: [14] Sauce is one of a range of English words (others include salad , salary , and sausage ) that go back ultimately to Latin sāl ‘salt’ (a relative of English salt ). From it was formed the adjective salsus ‘salted’, whose feminine form salsa was used in Vulgar Latin for a ‘brine dressing or pickle’. This later evolved into Italian and Spanish salsa ‘sauce’
• saturate 英文词源 saturate saturate: [16] Latin satur meant ‘full’, and in particular ‘full of food, full up’ (it was a relative of satis ‘enough’, source of English satiate and satisfy ). From it was formed a verb saturāre ‘fill, glut, surfeit’, whose past participle has given English saturate . At first this was used as a synonym of satisfy or satiate (‘so to saturate their insatia
• satisfy 英文词源 satisfy satisfy: [15] Etymologically, satisfy means ‘make enough’. It comes, via Old French satisfier , from Latin satisfacere ‘satisfy, content’, a compound verb formed from satis ‘enough’ (a relative of English sad , sated , and saturate , and source of English satiate ). The derived noun satisfaction reached English well over a century before the verb, in the specialize
• satisfactory 英文词源 satisfactory (adj.) mid-15c., "capable of atoning for sin," from Middle French satisfactoire (14c.) and directly from Late Latin satisfactorius , from Latin satisfactus , past participle of satisfacere (see satisfy ). Meaning "adequate" is from 1630s. Related: Satisfactorily ; satisfactoriness . 中文词源 satisfactory ：(表示主动意义)令人满意的   词根词缀： -sati
• satisfaction 英文词源 satisfaction (n.) early 14c., "performance of an act set forth by a priest or other Church authority to atone for sin," from Old French satisfaction (12c.), from Latin satisfactionem (nominative satisfactio ) "a satisfying of a creditor," noun of action from past participle stem of satisfacere (see satisfy ). Senses of "contentment, appeasement" and "action of gratifying" first record
• sandblast 英文词源 No matching word found in the dictionary. Word of Random curio curio: see cure 中文词源 sandblast ：喷沙 词根词缀： sand砂 + blast一股(气流) 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： sandblast 词源， sandblast 含义。
• sample 英文词源 sample sample: see example sample (n.) c. 1300, "something which confirms a proposition or statement," from Anglo-French saumple , a shortening of Old French essample , from Latin exemplum "a sample" (see example ). Meaning "small quantity (of something) from which the general quality (of the whole) may be inferred" (usually in a commercial sense) is recorded from early 15c.; sense of
• same 英文词源 same same: [12] Same comes ultimately from Indo- European * somós ‘same’. This also produced Greek homós ‘same’ (source of the English prefix homo -, as in homosexual ), and was a variant of the base that gave Latin similis ‘similar’ (source of English similar and simulate ), Latin simul ‘at the same time’ (source of English assemble and simultaneous ), Latin simplus
• salt 英文词源 salt salt: [OE] Salt was a key element in the diet of our Indo-European ancestors, and their word for it, * sal -, is the source of virtually all the modern European terms, including Russian sol’ , Polish sól , Serbo-Croat so , Irish salann , and Welsh halen . Greek háls has given English halogen [19]. And Latin sāl , besides evolving into French sel , Italian sale , Spanish sal
• saleswoman 英文词源 saleswoman (n.) 1704, from genitive of sale + woman . 中文词源 saleswoman ：女售货员  来源于sale’s woman。 词根词缀： sale销售 + -s + woman女人 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： saleswoman 词源， saleswoman 含义。
• salesman 英文词源 salesman (n.) 1520s, from genitive of sale (compare craftsman , tradesman ) + man (n.). 中文词源 salesman ：(男)售货员，推销员  来源于sale’s man。 词根词缀： sale销售 + -s + man男人 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： salesman 词源， salesman 含义。
• sale 英文词源 sale sale: [11] Sale was borrowed from Old Norse sala . This came from the same prehistoric Germanic base, * sal -, that produced English sell . The word’s specific application to the ‘selling of goods at lower-than-normal prices’ did not emerge until the 1860s. = sell sale (n.) late Old English sala "a sale, act of selling," from a Scandinavian source such as Old Norse sala "sa
• salad 英文词源 salad salad: [15] Etymologically, a salad is a ‘salted’ dish. The word comes via Old French salade from Vulgar Latin * salāta , a noun use of the feminine past participle of Latin * salāre ‘put salt on to, treat with salt’. This is turn was a derivative of sāl ‘salt’, a relative of English salt . The Romans were fond of dishes of assorted raw vegetables with a dressing,
• saint 英文词源 saint saint: [OE] Latin sancīre meant ‘consecrate’ (it was formed from the same base as produced sacer ‘holy’, source of English sacred , sacrifice , etc). Its past participle was sanctus . This came to be used as an adjective meaning ‘holy, sacred’, and in due course as a noun too, ‘holy person’. English originally borrowed it direct from Latin, as sanct , but this w
• sailor 英文词源 sailor (n.) c. 1400, sailer , agent noun from sail (v.). Spelling with -o- arose 16c., probably by influence of tailor , etc., and to distinguish the meaning "seaman, mariner" from "thing that sails." It replaced much older seaman and mariner (q.q.v.). Old English also had merefara "sailor." Applied as an adjective from 1870s to clothing styles and items based on a sailor's characteri
• sail 英文词源 sail sail: [OE] Sail has numerous relatives in the other Germanic languages, among them German and Swedish segel , Dutch zeil , and Danish sejl . These all come from a prehistoric Germanic * seglam , which some have traced back to an Indo-European * seklom . This was presumably formed from the same Indo-European base (* sek - ‘cut’) that produced English dissect , saw , segment ,
• safeguard 英文词源 safeguard (n.) late 14c., "protection, safety," from Middle French sauvegarde "safekeeping, safeguard" (13c.), from Old French salve , sauve (fem. of sauf ; see safe (adj.)) + garde "a keeping" (see guard (n.)). Meaning "something that offers security from danger" is recorded from late 15c. safeguard (v.) mid-15c., from safeguard (n.). Related: Safeguarded ; safeguarding . 中文词源
• sacred 英文词源 sacred sacred: [14] Sacred is one of a wide range of English words that go back to Latin sacer ‘sacred, holy’ (which itself came from the same base that produced Latin sancīre ‘consecrate’, source of English saint , sanctuary , etc). Many of them come via the derived verb sacrāre ‘consecrate’. These include consecrate [15], execrate [16], sacrament [12], and sacred itsel
• saddle 英文词源 saddle saddle: [OE] Saddle comes from a prehistoric Germanic * sathulaz , which also produced German sattel , Dutch zadel , and Swedish sadel . Etymologically it no doubt signifies something to ‘sit’ on, hailing ultimately from the Indo- European base * sed - ‘sit’, from which English gets sit . = sit saddle (n.) Old English sadol "seat for a rider," from Proto-Germanic *sathu
• sortilege 英文词源 sortilege "The practice of foretelling the future from a card or other item drawn at random from a collection", Late Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin sortilegium 'sorcery', from Latin sortilegus 'sorcerer', from Latin sors , sort- 'lot, chance' + legere 'choose'. 中文词源 sortilege （抽签占卜）：西方古代的抽签占卜术 在古代西方，还有通过抽
• spoof 英文词源 spoof (n.) "hoax, deception," 1889, from spouf (1884), name of a game invented by British comedian Arthur Roberts (1852-1933). Sense of "a parody, satirical skit or play" is first recorded 1958, from verb in this sense (1914). spoof (v.) 1889, "to hoax, deceive, trick;" from 1914 as "to parody or satirize;" see spoof (n.). Related: Spoofed ; spoofing . 中文词源 spoof ：哄骗，戏
• sociology 英文词源 sociology (n.) the science of social phenomena, 1842, from French sociologie , a hybrid coined 1830 by French philosopher Isidore Auguste Comte (1798-1857), from Latin socius "associate" (see social (adj.)) + Greek-derived suffix -logie (see -logy ). 中文词源 sociology ：社会学 社会学是社会科学中的一门学科。这一学科名称是法国哲学家、实证主义和社
• sump 英文词源 sump (n.) mid-15c., "marsh, morass" (from mid-13c. in place names), from Middle Dutch somp or Middle Low German sump , from Proto-Germanic *sumpaz , from PIE *swombho- "spongy." Meaning "pit to collect water" is first found 1650s. Sump-pump (1884) originally was in mining. 中文词源 sump ：树桩，难倒 首批美洲殖民者在大西洋沿岸定居后不久就开始披荆斩棘地
• story 英文词源 story story: [13] Story comes via Anglo-Norman estorie from Latin historia ‘account of events, narrative, history’ (source also of English history and storey ). It originally retained the senses ‘factual account of past events’ and ‘past events in general’, but since the 17th century these have gradually been taken over by history , and the use of story has been concentrat
• stonewall 英文词源 stonewall (n.) also stone wall , Old English stanwalle ; see stone (n.) + wall (n.). As nickname of Confederate General Thomas J. Jackson (1824-1863), bestowed 1861 on the occasion of the First Battle of Bull Run, supposedly by Gen. Bernard Bee, urging his brigade to rally around Jackson, who was "standing like a stone wall." Bee was killed in the battle; the account of the nickname a
• superman 英文词源 superman superman: [20] The term superman was introduced into English in 1903 by George Bernard Shaw in his play Man and Superman . It was a direct translation of German übermensch , coined by the philosopher Friedrich Nietsche to designate a superior, highly evolved human being that transcended good and evil. superman (n.) 1903, coined by George Bernard Shaw to translate German Übe
• supermarket 英文词源 supermarket (n.) 1933, American English, from super- + market (n.). The 1933 reference is in an article that says the stores themselves began to open around 1931. 中文词源 supermarket ：超级市场 20世纪中期零售业的一大创新是顾客自选商品，然后在现金出纳台付款。这一做法在超级市场或自助商店广为使用。众所周知，“超级市场”
• syllabus 英文词源 syllabus syllabus: [17] The word syllabus is the result of a misprint. It originated as Greek sittúbā ‘label, table of contents’, which was borrowed into Latin as sittyba . However, in an early printed edition of Cicero’s Letters to Atticus , in the 1470s, its accusative plural form sittybas was misprinted as syllabos . This was taken as representing a Greek súllabos , a supp
• subtract 英文词源 subtract subtract: [16] To subtract something is etymologically to ‘pull it away’. The word comes from subtractus , the past participle of Latin subtrahere ‘pull away’. This was a compound verb formed from the prefix sub -, usually ‘under’ but here used in the sense ‘away’, and trahere ‘pull’ (source of English traction , tractor , trait , etc). The strictly mathem
• sketch 英文词源 sketch sketch: [17] Sketch comes ultimately from Greek skhédios ‘impromptu’. This reached English by a rather roundabout route: via Latin schedius , which led to a Vulgar Latin verb schediāre ‘do hastily’, source of Italian schizzare ‘make a sketch’, which in turn produced the noun schizzo ‘sketch’, borrowed into English via German skizze or Dutch schets . sketch (n.
• sport 英文词源 sport sport: [14] Sport is short for disport [14]. This came from Anglo-Norman desporter ‘carry away’, hence ‘divert’, a compound verb formed from the prefix des - ‘apart’ and porter ‘carry’. The noun originally meant ‘amusement, recreation’, and it was not used in its main modern sense ‘athletic contests’ until the mid 19th century. = disport , port , portable
• sandwich 英文词源 sandwich sandwich: [18] John Montagu, the fourth Earl of Sandwich (1718–92), is said to have been so addicted to the gambling table that in order to sustain him through an entire 24-hour session uninterrupted, he had a portable meal of cold beef between slices of toast brought to him. The basic idea was nothing new, of course, but the Earl’s patronage ensured it a vogue, and by th
• sherry 英文词源 sherry sherry: [16] Various sorts of dryish or sweetened white wine known as sack (etymologically ‘dry wine’) were imported into England in the 16th and 17th centuries. Many came from Spain, and the sort made around Xerez (now Jerez) in southern Spain was called in English (in an approximation to the Spanish pronunciation of Xerez ) sherris sack . Before the end of the 16th centur
• stocking 英文词源 stocking stocking: [16] Stocking is a derivative of stock , in the now defunct sense ‘stocking’. This appears to have arisen in the 15th century from the blackly humorous comparison of the stocks in which one’s legs are restrained as a punishment with ‘leggings, hose’. Until comparatively recently stocking was a unisex term (as it still is in the expression in one’s stocki
• spoon 英文词源 spoon spoon: [OE] The word spoon originally denoted ‘chip of wood’. Such chips typically being slightly concave, they could be used for conveying liquid, and by the 14th century spoon , through Scandinavian influence, was being used in its present-day sense. It goes back ultimately to the same prehistoric base as produced English spade , and its Old Norse relative spánn ‘chip’
• shangri-la 英文词源 Shangri-La "A Tibetan utopia in James Hilton’s novel Lost Horizon (1933)", From Shangri (an invented name) + Tibetan la 'mountain pass'. 中文词源 shangri-la ：香格里拉 Shangri-la或写作Shangri-La，是1933年英国作家James Hilton的小说Lost Horizon（《失去的地平线》）中虚构的喜马拉雅山山谷的名字，那是一处乌托邦式的洞天福地，终年
• squash 英文词源 squash squash: see quash squash (v.) "to crush, squeeze," early 14c., squachen , from Old French esquasser , escasser "to crush, shatter, destroy, break," from Vulgar Latin *exquassare , from Latin ex- "out" (see ex- ) + quassare "to shatter" (see quash "to crush"). Related: Squashed ; squashing . squash (n.1) gourd fruit, 1640s, shortened borrowing from Narraganset (Algonquian) askut
• surly 英文词源 surly (adj.) 1570s, "haughty, imperious," alteration of Middle English sirly "lordly, imperious" (14c.), literally "like a sir," from sir + -ly (1). The meaning "rude, gruff" is first attested 1660s. For sense development, compare lordly , and German herrisch "domineering, imperious," from Herr "master, lord." Related: Surliness . 中文词源 surly ：粗暴的，不友好的，脾气暴
• supercilious 英文词源 supercilious supercilious: [16] The etymological notion underlying supercilious is of raising the ‘eyebrows’ as a sign of haughty disdain. It comes from Latin superciliōsus , a derivative of supercilium ‘eyebrow’, hence ‘haughtiness’. This was a compound noun formed from the prefix super - ‘above’ and cilium ‘eyelid’ (source of the English biological term cilium ‘
• stark-naked 英文词源 stark-naked (adj.) 1520s, deformed (by influence of stark (adj.)) from Middle English start naked (early 13c.), from Old English steort "tail, rump," from Proto-Germanic *stertaz (cognates: Old Norse stertr , Danish stjert , Middle Dutch stert , Dutch staart , Old High German sterz , German Sterz ), from PIE *sterd- , extended form of root *ster- (1) "stiff, rigid, firm, strong" (see