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goldbrick词源

发布于:2025-07-05 04:28浏览量:164文/优校网

英文词源

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Word of Random

bitteryoudaoicibaDictYouDict
bitter: [OE] Old English biter appears to have come from *bit-, the short-vowel version of *bīt-, source of bite. Its original meaning would thus have been ‘biting’, and although there do not seem to be any traces of this left in the historical record, the sense development to ‘acrid-tasting’ is fairly straightforward (compare the similar case of sharp).

It seems likely that the bitter of ‘bitter end’ comes from a different source altogether, although in its current meaning it appears to have been influenced by the adjective bitter. A bitter was originally a ‘turn of a cable round the bitts’, and a bitt was a ‘post on the deck of a ship for fastening cables to’. It is not clear where bitt came from, although it was probably originally a seafarer’s term from the north German coast, and it may be related to English boat.

Thus in the first instance ‘to the bitter end’ probably meant ‘to the very end, as far as it is possible to go’.

=> bite

中文词源

goldbrick:冒牌货,逃避工作的人

goldbrick的字面意义为“金砖”,但实际古义却是“假金砖”。该词源出19世纪中期的美国淘金热日1848年1月24日在加利福尼亚州发现了黄金。次年,想发财的人纷纷涌向西海岸,被人们称为forty-niners(49年冒险家)的淘金者据估计约有8万名。矿工采出金子以后,为了便于搬运,往往把金子铸成金砖,goldbrick一词就应运而生了。开初,goldbrick确一度指“金砖”。后来有的骗子利用一些人的贪婪心理,用铅或铁铸成块,然后在表面镀上一层金。这些外表像是纯金的金砖使不少人上了当,受了骗。有记载说,圣路易有一位名叫Patrick Burke的人在1887年花了3700美元买了一块假金砖。不久,goldbrick 一词就开始用来喻指“假金砖”、“冒牌货”、“虚有其表的东西”。在第一次世界大战期间,士兵们接过这个词,用来指那些直接征自民间,而未受过军事训练的军官。这些人往往受到部属的轻视。以后,goldbrick的词义又进而引申为“逃避工作的人”、“偷懒的人”,在第二次世界大战期间非常通用,并且一直借用至今。这一类人想显示自己的能力以博得同事的好评而又借故什么也不干,因此人们就以早期开发西部那些骗人的goldbrick喻之。goldbrick在作动词用时则表示“逃避工作”或“诈骗”等义。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:goldbrick 词源,goldbrick 含义。