英语词源

• bandage 英文词源 bandage (n.) 1590s, from Middle French bandage (16c.), from Old French bander "to bind," from bande "a strip" (see band (n.1)). bandage (v.) 1774, from bandage (n.). Related: Bandaged ; bandaging . 中文词源 bandage ：绷带 发音释义：['bændɪdʒ] n. 绷带vt. 用绷带包扎 结构分析：bandage = band（带子）+age（名词后缀）→绷带 该词的英语词源请访问
• balmy 英文词源 balmy (adj.) c. 1500, "delicately fragrant," from balm + -y (2). Figurative use for "soothing" dates from c. 1600; of breezes, air, etc. "mild, fragrant" (combining both earlier senses) it is first attested 1704. Meaning "weak-minded, idiotic," 1851, is from London slang. 中文词源 balmy ：芳香的、温和的 发音释义：['bɑːmɪ] adj. 芳香的；温和的；止痛的 结构
• band 英文词源 band band: There are two distinct words band in English, but neither of them goes back as far as Old English. The one meaning ‘group of people’ [15] comes from Old French bande , but is probably Germanic in ultimate origin; the specific sense ‘group of musicians’ developed in the 17th century. Band ‘strip’ [13] comes from Germanic * bindan , source of English bind , but re
• bankrupt 英文词源 bankrupt (adj.) 1560s, from Italian banca rotta , literally "a broken bench," from banca "moneylender's shop," literally "bench" (see bank (n.1)) + rotta "broken, defeated, interrupted" from (and remodeled on) Latin rupta , fem. past participle of rumpere "to break" (see rupture (n.)). "[S]o called from the habit of breaking the bench of bankrupts" [Klein]. Earlier in English as a nou
• banister 英文词源 banister banister: see baluster banister (n.) 1660s, unexplained corruption of baluster . As late as 1830 condemned as "vulgar," it is now accepted. Surname Bannister is from Old French banastre "basket," hence, "basket-maker." 中文词源 banister ：栏杆 发音释义：['bænɪstə] n. 栏杆的支柱；楼梯的扶栏 词源解释：banister= baluster（栏杆）←意大利语b
• banish 英文词源 banish banish: see bandit banish (v.) late 14c., banischen , from banniss- , extended stem of Old French banir "announce, proclaim; levy; forbid; banish, proclaim an outlaw," from a Germanic source (perhaps Frankish *bannjan "to order or prohibit under penalty"), or from Vulgar Latin cognate *bannire (see bandit ). Related: Banished ; banishing . 中文词源 banish ：放逐 发音释义
• bane 英文词源 bane (n.) Old English bana "killer, slayer, murderer; the devil," from Proto-Germanic *banon , cognate with *banja- "wound" (cognates: Old Frisian bona "murderer," Old Norse bani , Old High German bana "murder," Old English benn "wound," Gothic banja "stroke, wound"), from PIE root *gwhen- "to strike, kill, wound" (cognates: Avestan banta "ill"). Modern sense of "that which causes rui
• barb 英文词源 barb barb: see beard barb (n.) late 14c., "barb of an arrow," from Old French barbe (11c.) "beard, beardlike appendage," from Latin barba "beard," perhaps cognate with Old English beard (see beard (n.)). barb (v.) late 15c., "to clip, mow;" see barb (n.). Meaning "to fit or furnish with barbs" is from 1610s. Related: Barbed ; barbing . 中文词源 barb ：倒刺 发音释义：[bɑː
• banter 英文词源 banter (v.) 1670s, origin uncertain; said by Swift to be a word from London street slang. Related: Bantered ; bantering . The noun is from 1680s. 中文词源 banter ：取笑、戏谑 发音释义：['bæntə] n.v. （善意的）取笑；戏谑；逗弄；开玩笑 词源解释：来自17世纪伦敦街头俚语 趣味记忆：banter→谐音“绊他”→开玩笑 该词的英语词
• bargain 英文词源 bargain bargain: [14] Bargain appears to be distantly related to borrow . Its immediate source was Old French bargaignier ‘haggle’, but this was probably borrowed from Germanic * borganjan , a derivative of * borgun (from which ultimately we get borrow ). The sense development may have been as follows: originally ‘look after, protect’ (the related Germanic * burg - produced En
• barefaced 英文词源 barefaced (adj.) 1580s, "with face uncovered or shaven;" see bare (adj.) + face (n.). Thus, "unconcealed" (c. 1600), and, in a bad sense, "shameless" (1670s). Compare effrontery . The half-French bare-vis (adj.) conveyed the same sense in Middle English. 中文词源 barefaced ：厚颜无耻的 发音释义：[beə'feɪst] adj. 公然的；厚颜无耻的；不戴面具的 结构分析
• bare 英文词源 bare bare: [OE] Bare is an ancient word, traceable back to an Indo-European * bhosos . Descendants of this in non-Germanic languages include Lithuanian basas ‘barefoot’, but for the most part it is the Germanic languages that have adopted the word. Germanic * bazaz produced German and Swedish bar , Dutch baar , and, via Old English bær , modern English bare . bare (v.) Old Englis
• barrage 英文词源 barrage barrage: see bar barrage (n.) 1859, "action of barring; man-made barrier in a stream," from French barrer "to stop," from barre "bar," from Old French barre (see bar (n.1)). Artillery sense is 1916, from World War I French phrase tir de barrage "barrier fire" intended to isolate the objective. As a verb by 1917. Related: Barraged ; barraging . 中文词源 barrage ：拦河坝、
• barometer 英文词源 barometer (n.) 1660s, from Greek baros "weight," from suffixed form of PIE root *gwere- (2) "heavy" (see grave (adj.)) + -meter . Probably coined (and certainly popularized) by English scientist Robert Boyle (1627-1691). 中文词源 barometer ：气压计 发音释义：[bə'rɒmɪtə] n. 气压计；睛雨表；显示变化的事物 结构分析：barometer = baro（气压）+meter（
• bark 英文词源 bark (n.1) "tree skin," c. 1300, from a Scandinavian source akin to Old Norse borkr "bark," from Proto-Germanic *barkuz , which probably is related to birch and Low German borke . The native word was rind . bark (n.2) "any small ship," early 15c., from Middle French barque (15c.), from Late Latin barca (c. 400 C.E.), probably cognate with Vulgar Latin *barica (see barge ). More precis
• bask 英文词源 bask bask: [14] When English first acquired this word, probably from Old Norse bathask , it was in the sense ‘wallow in blood’: ‘seeing his brother basking in his blood’, John Lydgate, Chronicles of Troy 1430. It was not until the 17th century that the modern sense ‘lie in pleasant warmth’ became established: ‘a fool, who laid him down, and basked him in the sun’, Shak
• barter 英文词源 barter (v.) mid-15c., apparently from Old French barater "to barter, cheat, deceive, haggle" (also, "to have sexual intercourse"), 12c., which is of uncertain origin, perhaps from a Celtic language (compare Irish brath "treachery"). Connection between "trading" and "cheating" exists in several languages. Related: Bartered ; bartering . The noun is first recorded 1590s, from the verb. 中
• barrier 英文词源 barrier barrier: see bar barrier (n.) early 14c., barere , from Anglo-French barrere , Old French barriere "obstacle, gatekeeper," from barre "bar" (see bar (n.1)). First record of barrier reef is from 1805. 中文词源 barrier ：障碍物 发音释义：['bærɪə] n. 障碍物，屏障；界线vt. 把…关入栅栏 结构分析：barrier = barr（棒、栏杆）+ier（名词后缀）
• barricade 英文词源 barricade barricade: [17] 12 May 1588 was known as la journée des barricades ‘the day of the barricades’, because in the course of disturbances in Paris during the Huguenot wars, large barrels (French barriques ) filled with earth, cobblestones, etc were hauled into the street on that day to form barricades – and the term has stuck ever since. Barrique itself was borrowed from
• barren 英文词源 barren (adj.) c. 1200, from Old French baraigne, baraing "sterile, barren" (12c.), perhaps originally brahain , of obscure derivation, perhaps from a Germanic language. In England, originally used of women, of land in France. Of land in English from late 14c. As a noun, mid-13c., "a barren woman;" later of land. BARRENS. Elevated lands, or plains upon which grow small trees, but never
• battalion 英文词源 battalion battalion: see battle battalion (n.) 1580s, from Middle French bataillon (16c.), from Italian battaglione "battle squadron," from diminutive of Vulgar Latin battalia "battle," from Latin bauttere "to beat" (see batter (v.)). Specific sense of "part of a regiment" is from 1708. Madame, lui répondit-il, ne vous y fiez pas: j'ay tôujours vû Dieu do coté des gros Batallions.
• baton 英文词源 baton (n.) 1540s, "a staff used as a weapon," from French bâton "stick, walking stick, staff, club, wand," from Old French baston (12c.) "stick, staff, rod," from Late Latin bastum "stout staff," probably of Gaulish origin or else from Greek *baston "support," from bastazein "to lift up, raise, carry." Meaning "staff carried as a symbol of office" is from 1580s; musical sense of "con
• bathetic 英文词源 bathetic (adj.) 1834, from bathos on the model of pathetic , which, however, does not come directly from pathos (see pathetic ), so the formation is either erroneous or humorous. Bathotic (1863, perhaps on model of chaotic ) is not much better. 中文词源 bathetic ：无痛呻吟的 发音释义：[bə'θetɪk] adj.无病呻吟的；假作悲伤的；庸俗；突降法的 结构分析
• baste 英文词源 baste baste: There are two separate verbs baste in English, one meaning ‘sew loosely’ [14], the other ‘moisten roasting meat with fat’ [15]. The first comes from Old French bastir , which was acquired from a hypothetical Germanic * bastjan ‘join together with bast’. This was a derivative of * bastaz , from which English gets bast ‘plant fibre’ [OE]. The origin of the s
• beam 英文词源 beam beam: [OE] In Old English times the word bēam (like modern German baum ) meant ‘tree’ – a signification preserved in tree-names such as hornbeam and whitebeam . But already before the year 1000 the extended meanings we are familiar with today – ‘piece of timber’ and ‘ray of light’ – had started to develop. Related forms in other Germanic languages (which includ
• beacon 英文词源 beacon beacon: [OE] In Old English, bēacen meant simply ‘sign’; it did not develop its modern senses ‘signal fire’ and ‘lighthouse’ until the 14th century. Its source is West Germanic * baukna , from which English also gets beckon [OE]. = beckon beacon (n.) Old English beacen "sign, portent, lighthouse," from West Germanic *baukna "beacon, signal" (cognates: Old Frisian b
• bazaar 英文词源 bazaar bazaar: [16] Bazaar is a word of Persian origin; it comes from Persian bāzār ‘market’ (whose ultimate source was a prehistoric Old Persian * abēcharish ), and reached English via Turkish and Italian (whence the early English form bazarro ). Many fanciful spellings competed in 16th- and 17th-century English, including buzzard . bazaar (n.) 1580s, from Italian bazarra , ul
• bawdy 英文词源 bawdy bawdy: [15] The adjective bawdy appears on the scene relatively late, but it is a derivative of bawd ‘prostitute’ or ‘madam’, which entered English in the 14th century. Its origins are not altogether clear, but it appears to have come from the Old French adjective baud ‘lively, merry, bold’, which in turn was probably acquired from Germanic * bald -, source of Englis
• bauxite 英文词源 bauxite (n.) 1861, clayey mineral containing aluminum, from French bauxite (1821), from Les Baux , near Soles, where it was first found. The place name is from Provençal Li Baus , literally "the precipices." 中文词源 bauxite ：矾土 发音释义：['bɔːksaɪt] n. 矾土，[矿物] 铁铝氧石；[矿物] 铝土矿 结构分析：bauxite = baux（法国小镇雷堡）+ite（名词
• begrudge 英文词源 begrudge (v.) mid-14c., from be- + Middle English grucchen "to murmur" (see grudge ). Related: Begrudged ; begrudging ; begrudgingly . 中文词源 begrudge ：嫉妒、吝惜 发音释义：[bɪ'grʌdʒ] vt.嫉妒，怨恨；吝惜，舍不得给 结构分析：begrudge = be（去）+grudge（抱怨）→抱怨别人的好运→嫉妒、怨恨；抱怨花费→吝惜 词源解释：g
• befuddle 英文词源 befuddle (v.) "confuse," 1873, from be- + fuddle ; originally "to confuse with strong drink or opium" (by 1832). An earlier word in the same sense was begunk (1725). Related: Befuddled ; befuddling . 中文词源 befuddle ：使迷惑 发音释义：[bɪ'fʌd(ə)l] vt.使迷惑；使酒醉昏沉 结构分析：befuddle = be（去）+fuddle（狂饮、喝醉、灌醉）→使喝醉→使
• bedeck 英文词源 bedeck (v.) 1560s, from be- + deck (v.). Related: Bedecked ; bedecking . 中文词源 bedeck ：装饰 发音释义：[bɪ'dek] vt. 装饰、修饰 结构分析：bedeck = be（前缀，去）+deck（装饰）→装饰 词源解释：deck←中古荷兰语dekken（覆盖） 同源词：deck（甲板、装甲板、装饰） 单词deck的本意是cover（覆盖），引申为“装饰”，
• bearing 英文词源 bearing (n.) "carrying of oneself, deportment," mid-13c., verbal noun from bear (v.). Mechanical sense of "part of a machine that bears the friction" is from 1791. 中文词源 bearing ：轴承 发音释义：['beərɪŋ] n. 承受；轴承，支架；举止，风度；关系，影响；方位 结构分析：bearing = bear（承受）+ing（动名词形式）→承受→轴承、支架
• beleaguer 英文词源 beleaguer beleaguer: see lair beleaguer (v.) 1580s, from Dutch or Low German belegeren "to besiege," from be- "around" (see be- ) + legeren "to camp," from leger "bed, camp, army, lair," from Proto-Germanic *leg-raz- , from PIE *legh-to- "lie" (see lie (v.2)). A word from the Flemish Wars (cognates: Swedish belägra , Dutch belegeren "besiege," German Belagerung "siege"). Spelling inf
• belated 英文词源 belated (adj.) 1610s, "overtaken by night," past participle adjective from belate "to make late, detain," from be- + late . Sense of "coming past due, behind date" is from 1660s. Related: Belatedly . 中文词源 belated ：迟来的、过期的 发音释义：[bɪ'leɪtɪd] adj. 迟来的；过期的；过时的 结构分析：belated = belate（耽搁）+ed（过去分词形式）→被
• belabor 英文词源 belabor (v.) 1590s, "to exert one's strength upon," from be- + labor (v.). But figurative sense of "assail with words" is attested somewhat earlier (1590s); and belabored is attested from mid-15c. with a sense of "tilled, cultivated." 中文词源 belabor ：痛打、抨击 发音释义：[bɪ'lebə] vt. 痛打；抨击；过度说明；唠叨 结构分析：belabor = be（去）+labo
• behoove 英文词源 behoove (v.) Old English behofian "to have need of, have use for," verbal form of the ancient compound word represented by behoof . Historically, it rimes with move , prove , but being now mainly a literary word, it is generally made to rime with rove , grove , by those who know it only in books. [OED] 中文词源 behoove ：理应、对…有益 发音释义：[bɪ'huːv] vt. 对…有
• beholder 英文词源 beholder (n.) late 14c., agent noun from behold . 中文词源 beholder ：旁观者 发音释义：[bɪ'həʊldə] n.旁观者；观看者 结构分析：beholder = behold（观看）+er（的人）→观看的人→旁观者；behold = be（去） + hold（保持）→（用视线）抓住→注视 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： beholder 词源， beholder 含义
• belligerent 英文词源 belligerent belligerent: see rebel belligerent (adj.) 1570s, from Latin belligerantem (nominative belligerans ), past participle of belligerare "to wage war," from bellum "war" (see bellicose ) + gerere "to bear, to carry" (see gest ). The noun meaning "party or nation at war" is from 1811. Related: Belligerently . 中文词源 belligerent ：交战的 发音释义：[bə'lɪdʒ(ə)r(ə
• belie 英文词源 belie (v.) Old English beleogan "to deceive by lies," from be- + lie (v.1) "to lie, tell lies." Current sense of "to contradict as a lie" is first recorded 1640s. The other verb lie once also had a formation like this, from Old English belicgan , which meant "to encompass, beleaguer," and in Middle English was a euphemism for "to have sex with" (i.e. "to lie with carnally"). 中文词源
• benison 英文词源 benison (n.) c. 1300, "blessing, beatitude," from Old French beneiçon "blessing, benediction," from Latin benedictionem (see benediction ). 中文词源 benison ：祝福 发音释义：['benɪz(ə)n; -s-] n.祝福 词源解释：benison←古法语beneiçon （祝福）←拉丁语benedictionem （祝福） benison等于benediction，属于古语，现代已经逐渐被benediction代替
• benign 英文词源 benign (adj.) early 14c., from Old French benigne (12c., "kind, benign, merciful, gracious;" Modern French bénin , fem. bénigne ), from Latin benignus "kindly, kindhearted, friendly, generous," literally "well born," from bene "well" (see bene- ) + gignere "to bear, beget," from genus "birth" (see genus ). For similar sense evolution, compare gentle , kind (adj.), generous . Related
• benevolent 英文词源 benevolent (adj.) mid-15c., "wishing to do good, kindly," from Middle French benivolent and directly from Latin benevolentem (nominative benevolens ) "wishing (someone) well, benevolent," related to benevolentia "good feeling" (see benevolence ). Related: Benevolently . 中文词源 benevolent ：慈善的 发音释义：[bɪ'nev(ə)l(ə)nt] adj. 慈善的；仁慈的；仁爱的；好心
• benefactor 英文词源 benefactor (n.) mid-15c., from Late Latin benefactor , from Latin phrase bene facere , from bene "well" (see bene- ) + facere "to do" (see factitious ). Translated in Old English as wel-doend . 中文词源 benefactor ：施主、捐助者 发音释义：['benɪfæktə] n. 施主；捐助者；行善者 结构分析：benefactor = bene（好）+fact（做）+or（的人）→做好事的
• benediction 英文词源 benediction (n.) c. 1400, from Latin benedictionem (nominative benedictio ), noun of action from bene dicere "to speak well of, bless," from bene "well" (see bene- ) + dicere "to speak" (see diction ). The oldest sense in English is of grace before meat. The older French form, beneiçon passed into Middle English as benison . 中文词源 benediction ：祝福 发音释义：[,benɪ'dɪ
• bereft 英文词源 bereft (adj.) late 14c., past participle adjective from bereave (v.). 中文词源 bereft ：被剥夺的 发音释义：[bɪ'reft] adj.被剥夺的，丧失的 结构解释：bereft = be（前缀）+reft（抢走，过去分词）→被剥夺的 词源解释：reft←reave（抢走）←古英语reafian （抢走） 同源词：reave（抢走）；reaver（掠夺者）；bereave（剥夺
• berate 英文词源 berate berate: see rate berate (v.) 1540s, from be- "thoroughly" + Middle English rate "to scold" (late 14c.), from Old French reter "accuse, blame," from Latin reputare (see reputation ). "Obsolete except in U.S." [OED 1st ed.], but it seems to have revived in Britain 20c. Related: Berated ; berating . 中文词源 berate ：严厉斥责 发音释义：[bɪ'reɪt] vt.严厉斥责；痛
• bequest 英文词源 bequest (n.) c. 1300, "act of bequeathing," from be- + *cwis , *cwiss "saying" (related to quoth ; from Proto-Germanic *kwessiz ; see bequeath ), with excrescent -t . Meaning "that which is bequeathed" is recorded from late 15c. 中文词源 bequest ：遗产 发音释义：[bɪ'kwest] n.遗产；遗赠 结构解释：bequest = be（前缀）+quest（立遗嘱）→遗赠 词源解释：
• bequeath 英文词源 bequeath bequeath: [OE] Etymologically, what you bequeath is what you ‘say’ you will leave someone in your will. The word comes from Old English becwethan , a derivative of cwethan ‘say’, whose past tense cwæth gives us quoth (it is no relation to quote , by the way). The original sense ‘say, utter’ died out in the 13th century, leaving the legal sense of ‘transferring
• bent 英文词源 bent (n.1) "mental inclination," 1570s, probably from earlier literal sense "condition of being deflected or turned" (1530s), from bent (adj.) "not straight" (q.v.). bent (n.2) "stiff grass," Old English beonet , from West Germanic *binut- "rush, marsh grass" (cognates: Old Saxon binet , Old High German binuz , German Binse "rush, reed"), which is of unknown origin. An obsolete word,
• bestow 英文词源 bestow (v.) early 14c., bistowen "give" (as alms, etc.), from be- + stowen "to place" (see stow ). Related: Bestowed ; bestowing ; bestower . 中文词源 bestow ：给予 发音释义：[bɪ'stəʊ] vt. 给予；赠予；授予；放置 结构解释：bestow = be（前缀）+stow（放置）→放置→给予 同源词：stow（装载、堆装、收藏） bestow与give的区别：giv
• bestial 英文词源 bestial bestial: see beast bestial (adj.) late 14c., from Old French bestial (13c.) "relating to animals, stupid, foolish, bestial" and directly from Latin bestialis "like a beast," from bestia (see beast ). Sense of "below the dignity of a human" is from c. 1400, and in many cases its use is unjust to the beasts. 中文词源 bestial ：如野兽般的、残忍的 发音释义：['be
• besmirch 英文词源 besmirch (v.) 1590s, from be- + smirch . Our Gayness and our Gilt are all besmyrcht. ["Henry V," IV.iii.110] Related: Besmirched ; besmirching . 中文词源 besmirch ：诽谤、弄污 发音释义：[bɪ'smɜːtʃ] vt. 弄污；损害；诽谤 结构解释：besmirch = be（前缀）+smirch（弄脏）→弄污→诽谤 同源词：smirch（弄脏，污点） 该词的英语词源请访
• besiege 英文词源 besiege (v.) c. 1300, from be- + siege . Related: Besieged ; besieging . 中文词源 besiege ：围攻、困扰 发音释义：[bɪ'siːdʒ] vt.困扰，围攻；围困 结构解释：besiege = be（前缀）+siege（围攻）→围攻、困扰 词源解释：siege←古法语sege（座位、宝座）←拉丁语sedere（坐） 同源词：siege（围攻、围困） 该词的英语词源
• beset 英文词源 beset (v.) Old English besettan "to put, place; own, keep; occupy, settle; cover, surround with, besiege," from Proto-Germanic *bisatjan (cognates: Old Saxon bisettjan , Dutch bezetten , Old High German bisezzan , German besetzen , Gothic bisatjan ); see be- + set (v.). The figurative sense also was in Old English. Related: Beset (past tense); besetting . 中文词源 beset ：困扰、
• bibliography 英文词源 bibliography (n.) 1670s, "the writing of books," from Greek bibliographia "the writing of books," from biblio- + graphos "(something) drawn or written" (see -graphy ). Sense of "a list of books that form the literature of a subject" is first attested 1869. Related: Bibliographic . 中文词源 bibliography ：参考书目 发音释义：[,bɪblɪ'ɒgrəfɪ] vt.书目；参考书目；参
• bewilder 英文词源 bewilder bewilder: see wild bewilder (v.) 1680s, from be- "thoroughly" + archaic wilder "lead astray, lure into the wilds," probably a back-formation of wilderness . An earlier word with the same sense was bewhape (early 14c.). Related: Bewildered ; bewildering ; bewilderingly . 中文词源 bewilder ：使迷惑 发音释义：[bɪ'wɪldə] vt.使迷惑；弄糊涂 结构分析：bew
• beverage 英文词源 beverage beverage: [13] Beverage goes back to Latin bibere ‘drink’, from which English also gets imbibe [14], bibulous [17], beer , and probably bibber . From the verb was formed the Vulgar Latin noun * biberāticum ‘something to drink’, and hence, via Old French bevrage , English beverage . The colloquial abbreviation bevvy is at least 100 years old (it has been speculated, b
• betroth 英文词源 betroth betroth: see true betroth (v.) c. 1300, betrouthen , from bi- , here probably with a sense of "thoroughly," + Middle English treowðe "truth," from Old English treowðe "truth, a pledge" (see troth ). Related: Betrothed ; betrothing . 中文词源 betroth ：订婚、许配 发音释义：[bɪ'trəʊð; -θ] vt. 同…订婚；许配给 结构分析：betroth = be（前缀）+
• betray 英文词源 betray betray: [13] Betray is an English formation based on the Old French verb traïr ‘betray’, which came from Latin tradere ‘hand over, deliver up’ (originally a compound formed from trans - ‘across’ and dāre ‘give’). The noun formed from tradere was trāditiō , from which English gets, directly, tradition , and indirectly, via Old French and Anglo-Norman, the app
• bigot 英文词源 bigot bigot: [16] According to the 12th-century Anglo- Norman chronicler Wace, bigot was a contemptuous term applied by the French to the Normans, but it is far from clear where this came from, whether it is the same word as present-day bigot , and, if it is, how it came to mean ‘narrowminded person’. All that can be said for certain is that the word first turned up in its modern
• bifurcate 英文词源 bifurcate bifurcate: see fork bifurcate (v.) 1610s, from Medieval Latin bifurcatus , from Latin bi- (see bi- ) + furca , the root of fork . Related: Bifurcated ; bifurcating . bifurcate (adj.) 1835, from Medieval Latin bifurcatus , from Latin bi- (see bi- ) + furca , the root of fork (n.). 中文词源 bifurcate ：分叉 发音释义：['baɪfəkeɪt] v.分叉adj.分叉的 结构分析
• bid 英文词源 bid bid: [OE] Bid has a complicated history, for it comes from what were originally two completely distinct Old English verbs. The main one was biddan (past tense bæd ) ‘ask, demand’, from which we get such modern English usages as ‘I bade him come in’. It goes back to a prehistoric Germanic * bithjan (source of German bitten ‘ask’), which was formed from the base * beth
• bicker 英文词源 bicker (v.) early 14c., bikere , "to skirmish, fight," perhaps from Middle Dutch bicken "to slash, stab, attack," + -er , Middle English frequentative suffix. Meaning "to quarrel" is from mid-15c. Related: Bickered ; bickering . bicker (n.) c. 1300, skirmish, battle; from the same source as bicker (v.). In modern use, often to describe the sound of a flight of an arrow or other repeat
• bibliophile 英文词源 bibliophile (n.) also bibliophil , 1824, from French bibliophile , from biblio- + -phile . 中文词源 bibliophile ：藏书家、爱书者 发音释义：['bɪblɪə(ʊ)faɪl] n.藏书家；爱书者 结构分析：bibliophile = biblio（书）+phile（喜爱）→爱书者、藏书家 词源解释：biblio←希腊语biblion（书、纸）←Byblos（古腓尼基地名）；phile←希
• bin 英文词源 bin bin: [OE] Old English had the word bine or binne (it meant ‘manger’), but it is not clear where it got it from. Perhaps the most likely source is a word, * benna , in the Celtic language of the pre- Anglo-Saxon inhabitants of Britain (Welsh has ben ‘cart’). But it may also have come from medieval Latin benna , which gave French benne ‘large basket’. In English, the mod
• billow 英文词源 billow (n.) 1550s, perhaps older in dialectal use, from Old Norse bylgja "a wave, a billow," from Proto-Germanic *bulgjan (cognates: Middle High German bulge "billow, bag"), from PIE *bhelgh- "to swell" (see belly (n.)). billow (v.) 1590s, from billow (n.). Related: Billowed ; billowing . 中文词源 billow ：巨浪、翻腾 发音释义：['bɪləʊ] n.巨浪vi.翻滚，汹涌，飘荡
• bilk 英文词源 bilk (v.) 1650s, from or along with the noun (1630s), first used as a cribbage term; as a verb, "to spoil (someone's) score." Origin obscure, it was believed in 17c. to be "a word signifying nothing;" perhaps it s a thinned form of balk "to hinder." Meaning "to defraud" is first recorded 1670s. Related: Bilked ; bilking . 中文词源 bilk ：诈骗、躲债 发音释义：[bɪlk] vt.骗
• bilingual 英文词源 bilingual (adj.) 1818, from bi- + lingual . Latin bilinguis meant literally "two-tongued," and, figuratively, "speaking a jumble of languages," also "double-tongued, hypocritical, false." 中文词源 bilingual ：双语的 发音释义：[baɪ'lɪŋgw(ə)l] adj.双语的n.能两种语言的人 结构分析：bilingual = bi（两）+lingu（语言）+al（形容词后缀）→双语的
• bile 英文词源 bile (n.) 1660s, from French bile (17c.) "bile," also, informally, "anger," from Latin bilis "fluid secreted by the liver," also one of the four humors (also known as choler ), thus "anger, peevishness" (especially as black bile , 1797). 中文词源 bile ：胆汁 发音释义：[baɪl] n.胆汁；愤怒 词源解释：来自拉丁语bilis（胆汁） 在希波克拉底的“体液学说
• blade 英文词源 blade blade: [OE] The primary sense of blade appears to be ‘leaf’ (as in ‘blades of grass’, and German blatt ‘leaf’). This points back to the ultimate source of the word, the Germanic stem * bhlō -, from which English also gets bloom , blossom , and the now archaic blow ‘come into flower’. However, the earliest sense recorded for Old English blæd was the metaphorical
• bit 英文词源 bit bit: There are three distinct nouns bit in English, but the two most ancient ones are probably both related ultimately to the verb bite . Bit as in ‘drill bit’ [OE] originally meant simply ‘bite’ or ‘biting’. The Old English word, bite , came from Germanic * bitiz , a derivative of the verb * bītan ‘bite’. The ‘drill bit’ sense did not develop until the 16th c
• biped 英文词源 biped (n.) "animal with two feet," 1640s, from Latin bipedem (nominative bipes ) "two-footed," as a plural noun, "men;" from bi- "two" (see bi- ) + pedem (nominative pes ) "foot," from PIE root *ped- (1) "a foot" (see foot (n.)). 中文词源 biped ：两足的 发音释义：['baɪped] adj.两足的n.两足动物 结构分析：biped = bi（两）+ped（足）→两足的 词源解释：
• biosphere 英文词源 biosphere (n.) 1899, on model of German Biosphäre (1875), coined by German geologist Eduard Suess (1831-1914); see bio- + sphere . 中文词源 biosphere ：生物圈 发音释义：['baɪə(ʊ)sfɪə] n.生物圈；生物层 结构分析：biosphere = bio（生物）+sphere（球）→生物圈 词源解释：bio←希腊语bios（生命、生物）；sphere←希腊语sphaira（球）
• blast 英文词源 blast (n.) Old English blæst "blowing, breeze, puff of wind," from Proto-Germanic *bles- (cognates: Old Norse blastr , Old High German blast "a blowing, blast," German blasen , Gothic blesan "to blow"), from PIE *bhle- "to blow," probably a variant of root *bhel- (2) "to blow, inflate, swell" (see bole ). Meaning "explosion" is from 1630s; that of "noisy party, good time" is from 195
• blasphemy 英文词源 blasphemy (n.) early 13c., from Old French blasfemie "blasphemy," from Late Latin blasphemia , from Greek blasphemia "a speaking ill, impious speech, slander," from blasphemein "to speak evil of." Second element is pheme "utterance," from PIE root *bha- (2) "to speak, tell, say" (see fame ); first element uncertain, perhaps related to blaptikos "hurtful," though blax "slack (in body a
• blandish 英文词源 blandish (v.) c. 1300, from Old French blandiss- , present participle stem of blandir "to flatter, caress," from Latin blandiri "flatter, soothe, caress, coax," from blandus (see bland ). OED reports it rare in 17c., 18c. Related: Blandished ; blandishing . 中文词源 blandish ：奉承 发音释义：['blændɪʃ] v.奉承；讨好；哄诱 词源解释：来自拉丁语blandus（花
• bland 英文词源 bland (adj.) 1660s, from Italian blando "delicate," or Old French bland "flattering, complimentary," both from Latin blandus "smooth-talking, flattering, alluring," perhaps from PIE *mlad- , nasalized variant of *meld- , extended form of root *mel- (see melt ). Related: Blandly ; blandness . Latin also had blandiloquentulus "flattering in speech," which might have yielded a useful Eng
• blanch 英文词源 blanch blanch: see blank blanch (v.1) c. 1400, transitive, "to make white, turn pale," from Old French blanchir "to whiten, wash," from blanc "white" (11c.; see blank (adj.)). Originally "to remove the hull of (almonds, etc.) by soaking." Intransitive sense of "to turn white" is from 1768. Related: Blanched ; blanching . blanch (v.2) "to start back, turn aside," 1570s, variant of blen
• blemish 英文词源 blemish (v.) early 14c., "to hurt, damage," from Old French blemiss- "to turn pale," extended stem of blemir, blesmir "to make pale; stain, discolor," also "to injure" (13c., Modern French blêmir ), probably from Frankish *blesmjan "to cause to turn pale," or some other Germanic source, from Proto-Germanic *blas "shining, white," from PIE root *bhel- (1) "to shine, flash, burn" (see
• bleak 英文词源 bleak bleak: [16] Bleak originally meant ‘pale’, and comes ultimately from an Indo-European base * bhleg -, possible source of black and a variant of * phleg -, which produced Greek phlégein ‘burn’ and Latin flagrāre ‘burn’ (whence English conflagration and flagrant ; flame , fulminate , and refulgent are also closely related). From * bhleg came the prehistoric Germanic
• bleach 英文词源 bleach (v.) Old English blæcan "bleach, whiten," from Proto-Germanic *blaikjan "to make white" (cognates: Old Saxon blek , Old Norse bleikr , Dutch bleek , Old High German bleih , German bleich "pale;" Old Norse bleikja , Dutch bleken , German bleichen "to bleach"), from PIE root *bhel- (1) "to shine, flash, burn" (cognates: Sanskrit bhrajate "shines;" Greek phlegein "to burn;" Latin
• blazon 英文词源 blazon (n.) "coat of arms," late 13c., from Old French blason (12c.) "a shield, blazon," also "collar bone;" common Romanic (compare Spanish blason , Italian blasone , Portuguese brasao , Provençal blezo , the first two said to be French loan-words); of uncertain origin. OED doubts, on grounds of sense, the connection proposed by 19c. French etymologists to Germanic words related to
• blatant 英文词源 blatant blatant: [16] Blatant appears to have been coined, or at least introduced, by the poet Edmund Spenser. In the Faerie Queene 1596 he describes how ‘unto themselves they [Envy and Detraction] gotten had a monster which the blatant beast men call, a dreadful fiend of gods and men ydrad [dreaded]’. This ‘blatant beast’ was an allegorical representation of calumny. In the 1
• blockade 英文词源 blockade (n.) mid-17c., from block (v.) + -ade , false French ending (the French word is blocus , 18c. in this sense, which seems to be in part a back-formation from the verb bloquer and in part influenced by Middle Dutch blokhuus "blockhouse"). blockade (v.) late 17c., from blockade (n.). Related: Blockaded ; blockading . 中文词源 blockade ：封锁 发音释义：[blɒ'keɪd] n.
• blizzard 英文词源 blizzard (n.) "strong, sustained snowstorm," 1859, origin obscure (perhaps somehow connected with blaze (n.1)); it came into general use in the U.S. in this sense in the hard winter 1880-81. OED says it probably is "more or less onomatopœic," and adds "there is nothing to indicate a French origin." Before that it typically meant "violent blow," also "hail of gunfire" in American Engl
• blithe 英文词源 blithe (adj.) Old English bliþe "joyous, kind, cheerful, pleasant," from Proto-Germanic *blithiz "gentle, kind" (cognates: Old Saxon bliði "bright, happy," Middle Dutch blide , Dutch blijde , Old Norse bliðr "mild, gentle," Old High German blidi "gay, friendly," Gothic bleiþs "kind, friendly, merciful"). Rare since 16c. No cognates outside Germanic. "The earlier application was to
• bliss 英文词源 bliss bliss: [OE] Despite its formal and semantic similarity, bliss has no connection with bless . It comes ultimately from Germanic * blīthiz ‘gentle, kind’, which is the source of English blithe ‘happy’ [OE]. The addition of the noun suffix *- tjō produced the derivative * blīthsjō , which entered Old English as blīths ‘happiness’, later reduced to bliss . = blithe
• blight 英文词源 blight blight: [17] Blight appeared out of the blue in the early 17th century in agricultural and horticultural texts, and its origins are far from clear. It has, however, been speculated that it may be connected with the Old English words blǣce and blǣcthu , both terms for some sort of itchy skin condition such as scabies. These in turn are probably related to Old English blǣcan ‘
• blue 英文词源 blue blue: [13] Colour terms are notoriously slippery things, and blue is a prime example. Its ultimate ancestor, Indo-European * bhlēwos , seems originally to have meant ‘yellow’ (it is the source of Latin flāvus ‘yellow’, from which English gets flavine ‘yellow dye’ [19]). But it later evolved via ‘white’ (Greek phalós ‘white’ is related) and ‘pale’ to ‘