英语词源

• blowhard 英文词源 blowhard (n.) also blow-hard , 1840, a sailor's word (from 1790 as a nickname for a sailor), perhaps not originally primarily meaning "braggart;" from blow (v.1) + hard (adv.). An adjective sense of "boastful" appeared c. 1855, and may be a separate formation leading to a modified noun use. 中文词源 blowhard ：吹牛的 发音释义：['bləʊhɑːd] adj.吹牛的n.自吹自擂者
• blotch 英文词源 blotch (n.) c. 1600, perhaps a blend of blot and botch or patch . 中文词源 blotch ：斑点 发音释义：[blɒtʃ] n.斑点；疹块；污点 vt.弄脏 词源解释：该词出现于17世纪，可能是blot（墨水渍、污渍）和botch（难看的补缀）或patch（补丁）的混合。 同源词：blot（墨水渍、污渍） 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版
• blooming 英文词源 blooming (adj.) late 14c., present participle adjective from bloom (v.). Meaning "full-blown" (often a euphemism for bloody ) is attested from 1882. 中文词源 blooming ：盛开的 发音释义：['bluːmɪŋ] adj.盛开的；正当妙龄的 结构分析：blooming = bloom（开花）+ing（现在分词）→正在开花的、正当妙龄的 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源
• blockage 英文词源 blockage (n.) 1827, from block (v.) + -age . 中文词源 blockage ：堵塞物 发音释义：['blɒkɪdʒ] n.堵塞；堵塞物；封锁；妨碍 结构分析：blockage = block（阻塞）+age（名词后缀，表物品）→阻塞的物品→堵塞物 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版： blockage 词源， blockage 含义。
• blur 英文词源 blur (n.) 1540s, "smear on the surface of writing;" perhaps akin to blear . Extended sense of "confused dimness" is from 1860. blur (v.) 1580s, and thus probably from blur (n.), but the dates are close and either might be the original. Related: Blurred ; blurring . 中文词源 blur ：模糊 发音释义：[blɜː] v.涂污；弄脏；（使）变模糊n. 污迹，污斑； 模糊不清
• blunt 英文词源 blunt blunt: [12] Blunt originally meant ‘dull, obtuse, foolish’ in English, and it has been speculated that behind it there lay an earlier ‘dull of sight’, linking the word with blind . A possible source would be a derivative of Old Norse blunda ‘shut one’s eyes’ (whence probably also blunder ). The application of blunt to dull, non-sharp edges or blades developed in th
• blunder 英文词源 blunder blunder: [14] When blunder first entered the language, it meant ‘stumble around blindly, bumping into things’, which gives a clue to its possible ultimate connection with blind . Its probable source was Old Norse blundra ‘shut one’s eyes’, forerunner of Swedish blunda and Norwegian blunda ( Jon Blund is the Swedish equivalent of ‘the sandman’), and very likely a
• blueprint 英文词源 blueprint (n.) also blue-print , 1882, from blue (1) + print (n.). The process uses blue on white, or white on blue. Figurative sense of "detailed plan" is attested from 1926. As a verb by 1939. 中文词源 blueprint ：蓝图、计划 发音释义：['bluːprɪnt] n.蓝图；计划；设计图vt.为…制订计划 结构分析：blueprint = blue（蓝色的）+print（复印）→蓝图
• bog 英文词源 bog bog: [13] Bog is of Gaelic origin. It comes from bogach ‘bog’, which was a derivative of the adjective bog ‘soft’. A possible link between Gaelic bog and Old English būgan ‘bend’ (source of modern English bow ) has been suggested. The British slang use ‘lavatory’, which dates from the 18th century, appears to be short for the slightly earlier bog-house , which may
• boast 英文词源 boast boast: [13] The immediate source of boast appears to be Anglo-Norman bost , but where it came from before that is far from clear; German dialect bauste(r)n ‘swell’ has been compared, suggesting that it could be of Germanic origin. To begin with it meant ‘loud or threatening talk’ as well as ‘bragging’. boast (n.) mid-13c., "arrogance, presumption, pride, vanity;" c.
• bluster 英文词源 bluster (n.) 1580s, from bluster (v.). bluster (v.) late 14c., from a Low German source, such as Middle Low German blüstren "to blow violently," East Frisian blüstern "to bluster" (see blow (v.1)). Related: Blustered ; blustering . 中文词源 bluster ：猛刮、咆哮 发音释义：['blʌstə] vt.n.猛刮；怒号；咆哮；夸口；吓唬 词源解释：来自低地日耳曼语，
• blush 英文词源 blush blush: [OE] Modern English blush is a descendant of Old English blyscan ‘turn red, blush’, which was related to and perhaps derived from Old English blysa ‘firebrand, torch’. Similarities of form and meaning make it tempting to compare blaze , which meant ‘torch’ in Old English and came from a prehistoric Germanic * blasōn , but no connection has ever been establish
• blurt 英文词源 blurt (v.) 1570s, probably echoic. Related: blurted ; blurting . As a noun, 1570s, probably from the verb. 中文词源 blurt ：脱口而出 发音释义：[blɜːt] vt.未加思索地脱口而出；突然说出 词源解释：最早出现于16世纪70年代，很可能是一个拟声词。 词组习语：blurt out sth.或blurt sth. out（脱口而出） 以“疯狂英语”出名的李
• bolt 英文词源 bolt bolt: [OE] In Old English, a bolt was an arrow, particularly of the short stout variety used in crossbows (hence the phrase shoot one’s bolt ). The more familiar modern sense ‘fastening pin’ developed in the 13th century. The verbal sense ‘make a quick escape’ comes from the notion of firing a projectile. The word appears in other Germanic languages (for instance German
• bolster 英文词源 bolster bolster: [OE] The idea underlying bolster ‘long pillow’ is of something stuffed, so that it swells up. It comes from a prehistoric Germanic * bolstraz , which was a derivative of * bolg -, * bulg - (source also of bellows , belly , billow and possibly bell , bellow , and bold ). German has the related polster ‘cushion, pillow’. = bell , bellow , belly , billow , bold b
• boisterous 英文词源 boisterous (adj.) late 15c., unexplained alteration of Middle English boistous (c. 1300) "rough, coarse (as of food), clumsy, violent," which is of unknown origin, perhaps from Anglo-French bustous "rough (road)," which is perhaps from Old French boisteos "curved, lame; uneven, rough" (Modern French boiteux ), itself of obscure origin. Another guess traces it via Celtic to Latin besti
• boggle 英文词源 boggle (v.) 1590s, "to start with fright (as a startled horse does), shy, take alarm," from Middle English bugge "specter" (among other things, supposed to scare horses at night); see bug (n.); also compare bogey (n.1). The meaning "to raise scruples, hesitate" is from 1630s. As a noun from 1650s. Related: Boggled ; boggling ; boggler (from c. 1600 as "one who hesitates"). 中文词源
• boon 英文词源 boon (n.) late 12c., bone "petition," from Old Norse bon "a petition, prayer," from Proto-Germanic *boniz (cognates: Old English ben "prayer, petition," bannan "to summon;" see ban ). boon (adj.) in boon companion (1560s), only real survival of Middle English boon "good" (early 14c.), from Old French bon (see bon ). 中文词源 boon ：恩惠、福利 发音释义：[buːn] n.恩惠；
• boom 英文词源 boom boom: see beam boom (v.) mid-15c., earliest use was for bees and wasps, probably echoic of humming. The meaning "make a loud noise" is 15c. Compare bomb . Meaning "to burst into prosperity" (of places, businesses, etc.) is 1871, American English. Related: Boomed ; booming . Boom box first attested 1978. boom (n.1) "long pole," 1540s, from Scottish boun , borrowed from Dutch boom
• bonnet 英文词源 bonnet (n.) late 14c., Scottish bonat "brimless hat for men," from Old French bonet , short for chapel de bonet , from bonet (12c., Modern French bonnet ) "kind of cloth used as a headdress," from Medieval Latin bonitum "material for hats," perhaps a shortening of Late Latin abonnis "a kind of cap" (7c.), which is perhaps from a Germanic source. 中文词源 bonnet ：扁平软帽 发音
• bondage 英文词源 bondage (n.) c. 1300, "condition of a serf or slave," from Anglo-Latin bondagium , from Middle English bond "a serf, tenant farmer," from Old English bonda "householder," from Old Norse boandi "free-born farmer," noun use of present participle of boa "dwell, prepare, inhabit," from PIE *bhow- , from root *bheue- "to be, exist, dwell" (see be ). Meaning in English changed by influence
• bombast 英文词源 bombast bombast: [16] Bombast originally meant ‘cotton-wool’, especially as used for stuffing or padding clothes, upholstery, etc; hence, before the end of the 16th century, it had been transferred metaphorically to ‘pompous or turgid language’. The ultimate source of the word was Greek bómbux ‘silk, silkworm’, which came into English via Latin bombyx , bombax (source als
• botany 英文词源 botany botany: [17] Botany was derived from botanic , a borrowing, either directly or via French botanique , of Latin botanicus . The ultimate source of the word was Greek botánē ‘plant, pasture’, a derivative of the verb boskein ‘feed’. botany (n.) 1690s, from botanic . The -y is from astronomy , etc. Botany Bay so called by Capt. Cook on account of the great variety of pla
• bore 英文词源 bore bore: Bore ‘make a hole’ [OE] and bore ‘be tiresome’ [18] are almost certainly two distinct words. The former comes ultimately from an Indo-European base * bhor -, * bhr -, which produced Latin forāre ‘bore’ (whence English foramen ‘small anatomical opening’), Greek phárynx , and prehistoric Germanic * borōn , from which we get bore (and German gets bohren ). B
• bootless 英文词源 bootless (adj.2) late Old English botleas "unpardonable, not to be atoned for, without help or remedy," from boot (n.2) + -less . Meaning "useless, unprofitable" is from early 15c. bootless (adj.1) "lacking boots," late 14c., from boot (n.1) + -less . 中文词源 bootless ：无用的 发音释义：['buːtlɪs] adj.无用的；无益的 结构分析：bootless = boot（用处、益处
• boost 英文词源 boost (v.) 1815, literal and figurative, American English, of unknown origin. Related: Boosted ; boosting . As a noun by 1825. 中文词源 boost ：推动、促进 发音释义：[buːst] vt.n.往前或往上推；促进；提升；增加 词源解释：美式英语，词源不详，首次出现于19世纪初期，常用于抽象用法。 助记窍门：boost→boots→支撑人向上、
• bout 英文词源 bout bout: see bow bout (n.) 1540s, from Middle English bught , probably from an unrecorded Old English variant of byht "a bend," from Proto-Germanic *bukhta- (see bight (n.)). Sense evolved from "a circuit of any kind" (as of a plow) to "a round at any kind of exercise" (1570s), "a round at fighting" (1590s), "a fit of drinking" (1660s). 中文词源 bout ：一圈 发音释义：[baʊ
• bouquet 英文词源 bouquet bouquet: see bush bouquet (n.) 1716, introduced to English by Lady Mary Montague from French bouquet , originally "little wood," from Picard form of Old French bochet (14c.), diminutive of bosco , from Medieval Latin boscus "grove" (see bush (n.)). 中文词源 bouquet ：花束、酒香 发音释义：[bu'ke] n.花束；酒香 结构分析：bouquet = bouqu（树林）+et（指
• boulder 英文词源 boulder boulder: [13] Boulder is an abbreviated form of the original compound noun boulder-stone , which was a partial translation of a Scandinavian word which survives in Swedish dialect bullersten ‘large stone in a stream’. Sten is ‘stone’, of course, and buller is usually identified with Swedish buller ‘rumbling noise’, on the basis presumably of the sound of a stream g
• brag 英文词源 brag brag: [13] Brag first turned up in English as an adjective, meaning ‘spirited’ or ‘boastful’; the verb and noun did not appear until the 14th century. Where English got the word from, however, remains a mystery. French has braguer ‘brag’, but it is not clear whether English borrowed from French, or vice versa; French did, however, contribute the derivative bragard , w
• bracket 英文词源 bracket bracket: [16] The word bracket appears to have come from medieval French braguette , which meant ‘codpiece’, a resemblance evidently having been perceived between the codpiece of a pair of men’s breeches and the ‘projecting architectural support’ which was the original meaning of bracket in English. Before the word even arrived in English, it had quite an eventful ca
• bracing 英文词源 ditch ditch: [OE] Like its close relative dyke [13], ditch probably comes ultimately from a long-lost language once spoken on the shores of the Baltic. Its source-word seems to have represented an all-embracing notion of ‘excavation’, including not just the hole dug but also the mound formed from the excavated earth (which perhaps supports the suggestion that dig belongs to the sa
• bracelet 英文词源 bracelet bracelet: [15] The Latin word for ‘bracelet’ was bracchiāle , a derivative of bracchium ‘arm’ – thus, ‘something worn on or round the arm’. This passed into Old French as bracel , which made a brief and unconvincing appearance in English in the early 16th century. It was the French diminutive form, bracelet , which caught on in English. Its colloquial use as a
• brace 英文词源 brace brace: [14] English borrowed brace from Old French brace , which meant simply ‘(the length measured by) two arms’. It came from Latin bracchia , the plural of bracchium ‘arm’ (source of French bras ‘arm’, and also of various English technical terms, such as brachiopod [19], a type of shellfish, literally ‘arm-foot’). The word’s ultimate source was Greek brakhíō
• brake 英文词源 brake brake: There are two distinct words brake in English. By far the older is that meaning ‘overgrown area, thicket’ [OE]. Its source is uncertain, but it has been speculated that it is ultimately related to break , its original meaning perhaps having been something like ‘broken wood’. Brake ‘decelerating mechanism’ [15] meant ‘bridle’ for stopping a horse’s progre
• braid 英文词源 braid braid: [OE] The ultimate source of braid was West and North Germanic * bregthan , whose underlying meaning was probably ‘make sudden jerky movements from side to side’. This was carried through into Old English bregdan , but had largely died out by the 16th century. However, ‘making swift side-to-side movements’ had early developed a special application to the intertwini
• braggart 英文词源 braggart (n.) 1570s, from French bragard (16c.), with pejorative ending (see -ard ) + Middle French braguer "to flaunt, brag," perhaps originally "to show off clothes, especially breeches," from brague "breeches" (see bracket ). There may be an element of codpiece-flaunting in all this. The word in English has been at least influenced by brag (v.), even if, as some claim, it is unrela
• braggadocio 英文词源 braggadocio (n.) Spenser's coinage, 1590, as a name for his personification of vainglory, from brag , with augmentative ending by analogy to the Italian words then in vogue in England. In general use by 1594 for "an empty swaggerer;" of the talk of such persons, from 1734. 中文词源 braggadocio ：吹牛大王 发音释义：[,brægə'dəʊtʃɪəʊ] n.自吹自擂；吹牛大王 结
• bravado 英文词源 bravado (n.) 1580s, from French bravade "bragging, boasting," from Italian bravata "bragging, boasting" (16c.), from bravare "brag, boast, be defiant," from bravo (see brave (adj.)). The English word was influenced in form by Spanish words ending in -ado . 中文词源 bravado ：虚张声势 发音释义：[brə'vɑːdəʊ] n.虚张声势；虚张的勇气；故作勇敢；逞能 结构
• brat 英文词源 brat brat: [16] The origins of brat are not altogether clear, but it has plausibly been connected with the English dialect brat ‘makeshift or ragged garment’, as being the sort of apparel a rough or ill-mannered child might wear. This brat first appeared in late Old English as bratt , meaning ‘cloak’, a borrowing from Old Irish bratt ‘covering, mantle’. brat (n.) c. 1500,
• brassy 英文词源 brassy (adj.) "impudent," 1570s, from brass + -y (2). Compare brazen . Sense of "debased and pretentious" is from 1580s, from brass as contrasted with gold; sense of "strident and artificial" is from 1865. Related: Brassily ; brassiness . 中文词源 brassy ：厚脸皮的 发音释义：['brɑːsɪ] adj.厚脸皮的；低劣而又自命不凡的；艳俗的 结构分析：brassy = b
• brash 英文词源 brash (adj.) 1824, of obscure origin, originally American English; perhaps akin to 16c. Scottish brash "attack, assault," or French breche "fragments," especially of ice, which is from a Germanic source (compare Old High German brehha "breach," from brehhan "to break"), or to German brechen "to vomit." 中文词源 brash ：鲁莽的、粗鲁的 发音释义：[bræʃ] adj鲁莽的，性
• brandish 英文词源 brandish (v.) mid-14c., from Old French brandiss- , present participle stem of brandir "to flourish (a sword)" (12c.), from brant "blade of a sword, prow of a ship," of Frankish origin (see brand (n.)). Related: Brandished ; brandishing . 中文词源 brandish ：挥舞 发音释义：['brændɪʃ] n.vt.挥舞（武器） 词源解释：brandish←古法语brandiss（brandir的现在分
• breadth 英文词源 breadth breadth: [16] Breadth was formed in the 16th century by adding the suffix - th (as in length ) to the already existing noun brede ‘breadth’. This was an ancient formation, directly derived in prehistoric Germanic times from * braid -, the stem of broad . It came into Old English as brǣdu . = broad breadth (n.) 1520s, alteration of brede "breadth," from Old English brædu
• breach 英文词源 breach breach: see break breach (n.) Old English bryce "breach, fracture, a breaking," from brecan (see break ), influenced by Old French breche "breach, opening, gap," from Frankish; both from Proto-Germanic *brecho, *bræko "broken," from PIE root *bhreg- "to break" (see fraction ). Figurative sense of "a breaking of rules, etc." was in Old English Breach of contract is at least fro
• brazen 英文词源 brazen (adj.) Old English bræsen "of brass," from bræs "brass" (see brass ) + -en (2). The figurative sense of "hardened in effrontery" is 1570s (in brazen-face ), perhaps suggesting a face unable to show shame (see brass ). To brazen it out "face impudently" is from 1550s. 中文词源 brazen ：厚脸皮的 发音释义：['breɪz(ə)n] adj.厚脸皮的；黄铜做的vt.使…变得
• brawl 英文词源 brawl (v.) late 14c., braulen "to cry out, scold, quarrel," probably related to Dutch brallen "to boast," or from French brailler "to shout noisily," frequentative of braire "to bray" (see bray (v.)). Meaning "quarrel, wrangle, squabble" is from early 15c. Related: Brawled ; brawling . brawl (n.) mid-15c., from brawl (v.). 中文词源 brawl ：争吵、打架 发音释义：[brɔːl]
• bravura 英文词源 bravura (n.) 1788, "piece of music requiring great skill," from Italian bravura "bravery, spirit" (see brave (adj.)). Sense of "display of brilliancy, dash" is from 1813. 中文词源 bravura ：高难片段、大胆尝试 发音释义：[brə'v(j)ʊərə] n.高难片段，需要高技巧的片段，能充分展示技艺的片段，壮丽的乐章，炫技；大胆的尝试，充满勇气
• brink 英文词源 brink (n.) early 13c., from Middle Low German brink "edge," or Danish brink "steepness, shore, bank, grassy edge," from Proto-Germanic *brenkon , probably from PIE *bhreng- , variant of root *bhren- "project, edge" (cognates: Lithuanian brinkti "to swell"). 中文词源 brink ：边缘 发音释义：[brɪŋk] n.（峭壁的）边缘 词源解释：来自中古低地日耳曼语brink（
• bridle 英文词源 bridle bridle: [OE] The Old English word was brīdel , which came from the same source (Germanic * bregd -) as braid . The basic meaning element of this was something like ‘pull or twitch jerkily from side to side’, so the application to bridle , which one pulls on with reins to one side or the other to control the horse’s direction, is fairly clear. The metaphorical verbal sens
• bricklayer 英文词源 No matching word found in the dictionary. Word of Random manna manna: [OE] Manna was introduced into Old English by Latin, which got it from Aramaic mannā . This was a derivative of Hebrew mān , one of a family of Semitic words denoting an edible substance exuded by a sort of tamarisk tree that grows in the Sinai desert. 中文词源 bricklayer ：砌砖匠 发音释义：['brɪkleɪ
• breed 英文词源 breed breed: [OE] The Old English verb brēdan came from West Germanic * brōdjan , a derivative of * brōd -, which produced brood . This in turn was based on * brō -, whose ultimate source was the Indo-European base * bhrē - ‘burn, heat’ (its other English descendants include braise , breath , and probably brawn ). The underlying notion of breed is thus not ‘reproduction’
• brochure 英文词源 brochure brochure: see broach brochure (n.) 1748, "pamphlet; short written work stitched together," from French brochure "a stitched work," from brocher "to stitch" (sheets together), from Old French brochier "to prick, jab, pierce," from broche "pointed tool, awl" (see broach (n.)). 中文词源 brochure ：小册子 发音释义：['brəʊʃə; brɒ'ʃʊə] n.手册；小册子；宣称
• broach 英文词源 broach broach: [14] The original meaning of broach was ‘pierce’, and it came from a noun meaning ‘spike’. The word’s ultimate source was the Latin adjective brocchus ‘pointed, projecting’, which in Vulgar Latin came to be used as a noun, * broca ‘spike’. This passed into Old French as broche , meaning ‘long needle’ and also ‘spit for roasting’. English first
• brittle 英文词源 brittle brittle: [14] Brittle probably comes from a Germanic stem * brut - ‘break’, which had several descendants in Old English (including the verbs brēotan and gebryttan ‘break’) that did not survive the Norman Conquest. It came in a more than usual profusion of spellings in Middle English ( bretil , brutil , etc), not all of which may be the same word; brottle , for instan
• bristle 英文词源 bristle (n.) Old English byrst "bristle," with metathesis of -r- , from Proto-Germanic *bursti- (cognates: Middle Dutch borstel , German borste ), from PIE *bhrsti- from root *bhars- "point, bristle" (cognates: Sanskrit bhrstih "point, spike"). With -el , diminutive suffix. bristle (v.) c. 1200 (implied in past participle adjective bristled ) "set or covered with bristles," from brist
• brisk 英文词源 brisk brisk: see brusque brisk (adj.) 1550s, as Scottish bruisk , probably an alteration of French brusque (see brusque ). Related: Briskly ; briskness . 中文词源 brisk ：轻快的、活泼的 发音释义：[brɪsk] adj.轻快的；活泼的；凉爽的；繁荣的；令人振奋的；麻利的；唐突的v.（使）活跃起来；（使）变得轻快 词源解释：来自苏格兰
• browbeat 英文词源 browbeat (v.) "to bully," originally "to bear down with stern or arrogant looks," 1580s, from brow + beat (v.). [I]t appears from the earliest quotations ... that the brow in question was that of the beater, not of the beaten party; but it is not evident whether the meaning was 'to beat with one's (frowning) brows,' or 'to beat (?lower) one's brows at.' [OED] Related: Browbeaten ; bro
• brook 英文词源 brook brook: [OE] There are two distinct words brook in English. The one meaning ‘stream’ is comparatively isolated; it apparently has relatives in other Germanic languages (such as German bruch ), but they mean ‘swamp’, and there the story ends. The now rather archaic verb brook , however, meaning ‘stand for, tolerate’, can be traced right back to an Indo-European base *
• brood 英文词源 brood brood: [OE] Like breed , brood came from a prehistoric Germanic base * brōd -, whose ultimate source was Indo-European * bhrē - ‘burn, heat’ (its other English descendants include braise , breath , and probably brawn ). The underlying notion of brood is thus not so much ‘reproduction’ as ‘incubation, the warmth that promotes hatching’. The verbal sense ‘worry’
• brute 英文词源 brute brute: [15] The primordial meaning of brute appears to be ‘heavy’. It comes from Latin brūtus ‘heavy’, and it has been speculated that it is related to Latin grāvis ‘heavy’ (from which English gets grave , gravity , and grieve ). In Latin the sense ‘heavy’ had already progressed to ‘stupid’, and it later developed to ‘of the lower animals’. It was with
• brusque 英文词源 brusque brusque: [17] Brusque comes ultimately from the name of an unpleasant spiky shrub, the butcher’s broom, which instead of normal branches and leaves has twigs flattened into a leaflike shape, with at their ends stiff spines. The term for this in Vulgar Latin was * bruscum , which, passing into Italian as brusco , came to be used as an adjective, meaning ‘sharp, tart’. Fre
• brunt 英文词源 brunt (n.) early 14c., "a sharp blow," of uncertain origin, perhaps from Old Norse brundr "sexual heat," or bruna "to advance like wildfire." Meaning "chief force" is first attested 1570s. 中文词源 brunt ：主要冲力 发音释义：[brʌnt] n.（攻击或冲击）的主要力量；主力；锐气 词源解释：可能来自古挪威语brundr（性冲动、发情）或bruna（像野
• bruit 英文词源 bruit (v.) "to report," 1520s, from bruit (n.) "rumor, tiding, fame, renown" (mid-15c.), from French bruit (n.), from bruire "to make noise, roar," which is of uncertain origin. Related: Bruited ; bruiting . 中文词源 bruit ：谣言、喧嚣 发音释义：[bruːt] vt.散播（谣言）n.谣言；杂音；喧嚣 词源解释：bruit←法语bruit←法语bruire（大喊大叫） 词
• bruise 英文词源 bruise bruise: [OE] Modern English bruise is a blend of words from two sources. The main contributor is Old English brysan , which as well as ‘bruise’ meant ‘crush to pieces’, and is related to Latin frustum ‘piece broken or cut off’. But then in the early Middle English period we begin to see the influence of the unrelated Old French verb bruisier ‘break’ and its Angl
• budge 英文词源 budge budge: see bull budge (v.) 1580s, from Middle French bougier "to move, stir" (Modern French bouger ), from Vulgar Latin *bullicare "to bubble, boil" (hence, "to be in motion"), from Latin bullire "to boil" (see boil (v.)). Compare Spanish bullir "to move about, bustle;" Portuguese bulir "to move a thing from its place." Related: Budged ; budging . 中文词源 budge ：稍微挪动
• bucolic 英文词源 bucolic (adj.) 1610s, earlier bucolical (1520s), from Latin bucolicus , from Greek boukolikos "pastoral, rustic," from boukolos "cowherd, herdsman," from bous "cow" (see cow (n.)) + -kolos "tending," related to Latin colere "to till (the ground), cultivate, dwell, inhabit" (the root of colony ). Middle Irish búachaill , Welsh bugail "shepherd" are Celtic words form from the same root
• bucket 英文词源 bucket bucket: [13] We first encounter bucket in the Anglo-Norman forms buket and buquet . It is not entirely clear where this came from, but it may be a derivative of Old English būc . The primary underlying sense of this was ‘something bulging or swelling’, and hence it meant not only ‘jug’ but also ‘belly’ (related are German bauch and Swedish buk ‘paunch’). It sur
• bulk 英文词源 bulk bulk: [14] Formally, bulk comes from Old Norse búlki , which meant ‘cargo’ or ‘heap’: the original connotation of the English word in this sense was thus of goods loaded loose, in heaps, rather than neatly packed up. That is the source of the phrase in bulk . However, a certain similarity in form and meaning to the English word bouk ‘belly’ (from Old English būc , a
• bulge 英文词源 bulge bulge: [13] Etymologically, bulge and budget are the same word, and indeed when English first acquired bulge it was as a noun, with, like budget , the sense ‘pouch’. It came from Old French bouge ‘leather bag’, a descendant of Latin bulga , which may have been of Gaulish origin (medieval Irish bolg ‘bag’ has been compared). The word’s present-day connotations of ‘
• bulb 英文词源 bulb bulb: [16] Bulb can be traced back to Greek bólbos , which was a name for various plants with a rounded swelling underground stem. In its passage via Latin bulbus to English it was often applied specifically to the ‘onion’, and that was its original meaning in English. Its application to the light bulb, dating from the 1850s, is an extension of an earlier 19th-century sense ‘
• buffoon 英文词源 buffoon (n.) 1540s, "type of pantomime dance;" 1580s, "clown," from Middle French bouffon (16c.), from Italian buffone "jester," from buffa "joke, jest, pleasantry," from buffare "to puff out the cheeks," a comic gesture, of echoic origin. Also see -oon . 中文词源 buffoon ：丑角 发音释义：[bə'fuːn] n.丑角；滑稽剧演员；粗俗而愚蠢的人 结构分析：buffoon
• burgeon 英文词源 burgeon (v.) early 14c., "grow, sprout, blossom," from Anglo-French burjuner , Old French borjoner "to bud, sprout," from borjon "a bud, shoot, pimple" (Modern French bourgeon ), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Vulgar Latin *burrionem (nominative *burrio ), from Late Latin burra "flock of wool," itself of uncertain origin. Some sources (Kitchin, Gamillscheg) say either the French wo
• bureaucracy 英文词源 bureaucracy (n.) 1818, from French bureaucratie , coined by French economist Jean Claude Marie Vincent de Gournay (1712-1759) on model of democratie , aristocratie , from bureau "office," literally "desk" (see bureau ) + Greek suffix -kratia denoting "power of" (see -cracy ). That vast net-work of administrative tyranny ... that system of bureaucracy , which leaves no free agent in al
• buoy 英文词源 buoy buoy: [13] Buoy is of disputed origin, as to both its immediate source and its ultimate derivation. One school of thought holds that English borrowed it directly from Old French boie ‘chain’, while another views Middle Dutch boeye as an intermediate stage. Again some etymologists maintain that its beginnings were amongst the Germanic languages, and have connected it with Engl
• bungle 英文词源 bungle (v.) 1520s, origin obscure. OED suggests imitative; perhaps a mix of boggle and bumble , or more likely from a Scandinavian word akin to Swedish bangla "to work ineffectually," Old Swedish bunga "to strike" (related to German Bengel "cudgel," also "rude fellow"). Related: Bungled ; bungling . bungle (n.) 1650s, from bungle (v.). 中文词源 bungle ：搞坏、笨手笨脚地做
• bumptious 英文词源 bumptious (adj.) "assertive," 1803, probably a humorous coinage from bump on the pattern of fractious , etc. Related: Bumptiously ; bumptiousness . 中文词源 bumptious ：自以为是的 发音释义：['bʌm(p)ʃəs] adj.自以为是的；傲慢的；自高自大的 结构分析：bumptious = bump（碰撞）+tious（形容词后缀）→四处碰撞的→自以为是的，傲慢的
• butt 英文词源 butt butt: There are no fewer than four distinct words butt in English. The oldest, ‘hit with the head’ [12], comes via Anglo-Norman buter from Old French boter . This can be traced back through Vulgar Latin * bottāre ‘thrust’ (source of English button ) to a prehistoric Germanic * buttan . Old French boter produced a derivative boteret ‘thrusting’, whose use in the phras
• burnish 英文词源 burnish burnish: see brown burnish (v.) early 14c., from Old French burniss- present participle stem of burnir , metathesis of brunir "to shine, gleam, sparkle" (trans.), "to polish, make sparkle, make bright, shine," from brun "brown; polished," from Frankish or some other Germanic source (compare Old High German brun , Old Norse brunn "bright, polished; brown;" see brown (adj.)). Th
• burlesque 英文词源 burlesque burlesque: [17] French is the immediate source of English burlesque , but French got it from Italian burlesco , a derivative of burla ‘joke, fun’. This may come from Vulgar Latin * burrula , a derivative of late Latin burra ‘trifle’, perhaps the same word as late Latin burra ‘wool, shaggy cloth’. burlesque (n.) 1660s, "derisive imitation, grotesque parody," from
• Byzantine 英文词源 Byzantine (adj.) 1770, from Latin Byzantinus (see Byzantium ); originally used of art style; later in reference to the complex, devious, and intriguing character of the royal court of Constantinople (1937). As a noun from 1770. 中文词源 Byzantine ：拜占庭 发音释义：[baɪ'zæntaɪn; 'baɪzəntaɪn] n.拜占庭；拜占庭人adj.拜占庭的；拜占庭风格的 词组习语：
• bystander 英文词源 bystander (n.) 1610s, from by + agent noun from stand (v.). They have been innocent at least since 1829. Stander-by is from 1540s. 中文词源 bystander ：旁观者 发音释义：['baɪstændə] n.旁观者；看热闹的人 结构分析：bystander = by（旁边）+stand（站）+er（的人）→站在一旁的人→旁观者 该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：
• byline 英文词源 byline (n.) 1926, "line giving the name of the writer of an article in a newspaper or magazine;" it typically reads BY ________ . From by (prep.) + line (n.). As a verb by 1958. 中文词源 byline ：署名行 发音释义：['baɪlaɪn] n.署名行；署名处；支线vt署名 结构分析：byline = by（经由、作者为）+line（行）→署名行 在英语出版物中，通常在
• byproduct 英文词源 slush slush: [17] Like the very similar (and perhaps ultimately identical) slosh [19] and sludge [17], slush probably originated in imitation of the sound of squelching or splashing. The similarity of early modern Danish slus ‘sleet, mud’ and Norwegian slusk ‘slushy’ suggests the possibility of a Scandinavian borrowing rather than a native formation. Slush fund [19] comes from
• buttress 英文词源 buttress (n.) early 14c., from Old French (arc) botrez "flying buttress," apparently from bouter "to thrust against," of Frankish origin (compare Old Norse bauta "to strike, beat"), from Proto-Germanic *butan , from PIE root *bhau- "to strike" (see butt (v.)). buttress (v.) late 14c., literal and figurative, from buttress (n.). Related: Buttressed ; buttressing . 中文词源 buttress
• boor 英文词源 boor boor: [15] Boor was borrowed into English either from Low German hūr or from Dutch boer ( Boer ‘Dutch colonist in South Africa’ is a later, 19thcentury borrowing). When first acquired it meant ‘peasant farmer’, and did not develop its modern explicit connotations of coarseness and rudeness until the 16th century. Its ultimate source was the Germanic base * bū - ‘dwell’
• boreal 英文词源 boreal (adj.) "northern," late 15c., from Latin borealis , from boreas "north wind," from Greek Boreas , name of the god of the north wind, which is of unknown origin, perhaps related to words in Balto-Slavic for "mountain" and "forest." 中文词源 boreal （北方的）：希腊神话中的北风神玻瑞阿斯 玻瑞阿斯是（Boreas）是希腊神话中的北风神，居住在色雷
• bellicose 英文词源 bellicose bellicose: see rebel bellicose (adj.) early 15c., "warlike," from Latin bellicosus "warlike, valorous, given to fighting," from bellicus "of war," from bellum "war," Old Latin duellum , dvellum , which is of uncertain origin. 中文词源 bellicose （好战的）：罗马神话中的战争女神贝罗纳 贝罗纳（Bellona）是罗马神话中的女战神，是战神马尔斯
• boss 英文词源 boss boss: English has two words boss , of which the more familiar is far more recent; both are fairly obscure in origin. We know that boss ‘chief’ [19] comes from Dutch baas ‘master’ (it was introduced to American English by Dutch settlers), but where Dutch got the word from we do not know for certain. Boss ‘protuberance’ [13] was borrowed from Old French boce , which com
• barbarous 英文词源 barbarous barbarous: [15] Originally, a barbarous person was a ‘foreigner’, anyone who did not speak your own language. Greek bárbaros meant ‘foreign, ignorant’, and it has been speculated that its ultimate signification was ‘unable to speak intelligibly’ (the related Sanskrit barbaras meant ‘stammering’). English acquired the word from Latin barbarus , a modified Vul